환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 16501-16600

환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 16501-16600

번호                  용어                  해설

16501    ◆         Defluoridation    ◆         The rmeoval of excess flouride in drinking water to prevent the staining of teeth.

16502    ◆         defoaming agent ◆         a substance that reduces the surface tension of a liquid, thus inhibiting the formation of bubbles in the liquid when it is agitated; for example, sulfonated oils, silicone fluids, or organic phosphates. Also, ANTIFOAMING AGENT.

16503    ◆         defocus-dash mode        ◆         a method of writing binary data onto the screen of a storage cathode-ray tube, in which the writing beam forms a dash on the screen for one polarity of binary digit and is defocused for the opposite polarity.

16504    ◆         defocus-focus mode        ◆         a method of writing binary data onto the screen of a storage cathode-ray tube, in which the writing beam forms a tightly focused spot on the screen for one polarity of binary digit and is defocused for the opposite polarity.

16505    ◆         Defoliant           ◆         An herbicide that remowes leaves from trees and growing plants.

16506    ◆         deforestation      ◆         산림황폐, 사막화

16507    ◆         deforestation ＆drought  ◆         사막화 및 한발

16508    ◆         deformation       ◆         any change in the shape and size of a body.

16509    ◆         deformation curve          ◆         a graph for a material showing stress as the abscissa and strain as the ordinate. Also, STRESS-STRAIN RELATION.

16510    ◆         deformation energy         ◆         the critical amount of energy represented by the elongation or deformation of a target nucleus that, with the neutron energy imparted to the nucleus, influences the ease of fission.

16511    ◆         deformation twin            ◆         a twin crystal produced by slipping along a plane in response to plastic deformation in the original crystal.

16512    ◆         deformation-density map ◆         the difference between the electron density at high resolution of a crystal structure and that expected for a molecule composed of isolated spherical atoms. Deformation density maps give some indication of the bonding characteristics of molecules and of the orientations of lone-pair electrons.

16513    ◆         deformed nuclei ◆         the nuclei found in the rare earths and actinides with nonspherical equilibrium shapes, in which even small deformations produce sizeable quadrupole moments; only in such nuclei with substantial distortions can rotational motion be observed.

16514    ◆         defroster            ◆         equipment that is designed to melt frost, ice, and condensation from the windshield of an automobile or other vehicle; it generally consists of a series of ducts that deliver hot, dry air from the engine. Also, DEFOGGER.

16515    ◆         degas    ◆         to expel or exhaust all gases from an electron tube during the manufacturing process, including gases absorbed into the internal parts of the tube.

16516    ◆         degaser deaerator           ◆         수중의 용존가스를 제거하는 탈기장치. 방식으로서는① 고순도 질소폭기법(탈산소) ② 가열탈기③  진공탈기④ 막탈기등이 있다. 막탈기법은 소수성 중공사막 내부에 순수한 물을 통과하는 외부를 진공에 가까운 상태로 하는 일에 의해 탈기하는 방법.

16517    ◆         Degasification     ◆         A water treatment that removes dissolved gases from the water.

16518    ◆         degauss ◆         to remove an unwanted magnetic field from a piece of electronic equipment; demagnetize.  Computer Technology. to erase information from a magnetic tape, disk, or drum by demagnetizing the oxide surface.  Electromagnetism. to render a ship safe from magnetic mines by neutralizing its magnetic field; this is accomplished by surrounding it with a series of electric cables to set up an equal and opposite magnetic field, thereby neutralizing it. Also, DEPERM.

16519    ◆         degaussing        ◆         the process of neutralizing the strength of the magnetic field of an object. Thus, degaussing cable. degaussing   : the process of neutralizing the strength of the magnetic field of an object. Thus, degaussing cable.

16520    ◆         degenerate parametric amplifier    ◆            an electron-beam amplifier device that operates from an AC source twice the frequency of the input signal; it is capable of operating at microwave frequencies and is characterized by a low noise figure. Also, DEGENERATE AMPLIFIER.

16521    ◆         deglitcher          ◆         a special circuit that suppresses switching transients to prevent the generation of spurious digital pulses.

16522    ◆         DEGRADABLE     ◆         분해가능한 : 분해가능한 물질이란 폐기되었을 때 생물, 물리, 화학적인 자연조건에 의하여 분해되는 물질을 말함

16523    ◆         DEGRADATION   ◆         분해되어서  초기의 물질이 존재하지 않게 되는 과정

16524    ◆         degradation product       ◆         in the processing of petroleum, a product with low value, or a contaminant created while a reaction is taking place.

16525    ◆         DEGRADE          ◆         분해하다.

16526    ◆         degree of current rectification      ◆            the quotient of the average value of the pulsating direct current from a rectifier and the effective (root mean square) value of the alternating current into the rectifier.

16527    ◆         degree of freedom          ◆         ㆍ any of the independent modes in which a system can continuously change shape or move in space.any of the independent modes in which a system can continuously change shape or move in space. ㆍ the total number of such modes.the total number of such modes.

16528    ◆         degree of voltage rectification      ◆            the quotient of the average value of the pulsating direct voltage from a rectifier and the effective (root mean square) value of the alternating voltage into the rectifier.

16529    ◆         Degree-Day        ◆         A rough measure used tod estimate the amount of heating required in a given area; is defined as the difference between the mean daily temperature and 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Degree-days are also calculated to estimated to estimate cooling requirements.

16530    ◆         DEHP, Di ( 2-ethylhexyl) phthalate  ◆            정의 :        Di(2-ehylhexy1)phthalate는 보다 유연한 플라스틱을 만들기 위한 제조된 화학물이다. 그것은 DEHP라고 불린다. DEHP는 냄새가 없는 색깔이 없는 액체이다.        DEHP는 접착제, 코팅, 샤워 커튼, 비닐 upholstery, 인형 같은 폴리비닐 클로라이드 (PVC) 플라스틱 산물이다. 비닐 플라스틱은 40% DEHP 이상을 함유할지 모른다. DEHP는 잉크, 살충제, 미용, 진공 펌프 오일로 사용된다. 이것은 여과시스템에 대해 테스트 물질로서 그리고, 안면보호장치로서 새는 것을 검사하기 위해서 사용된다. DEHP의 상표이름은 Plainol DOP, Octoil, silicol 150, Bisoflex 81, 그리고 Eviplast 80 이다. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts9.html

16531    ◆         dehumidifier      ◆         a device that removes moisture from the atmosphere.

16532    ◆         dehydrohalogenation       ◆         the process of removing hydrogen and a halide from a compound.

16533    ◆         DEICER  ◆         제빙장치

16534    ◆         DE-INK GRADES  ◆         탈잉크등급종이; 폐지등급, 화학적으로 잉크를 제거하고 한 후 사용될 수 있는 종이

16535    ◆         de-ionzed water in exchanged water     (ion 교환수  :     탈ion수)          ◆         이온교환 수지에 의해 수중의 ion가 H+ , OH- 와에 치환되고, ion 제거된 물.

16536    ◆         delay distortion  ◆         a distortion in transmitted signals caused by different rates of change of phase shift over the frequency range of the equipment. Also, ENVELOPE DELAY DISTORTION.

16537    ◆         delay equalizer   ◆         a corrective circuit designed to reduce the delay distortion in a system by compensating for the different rates of change of phase shift over the frequency range of the system.

16538    ◆         delay line           ◆         an artificial transmission line or equivalent device designed to provide a time delay of a signal between input and output.

16539    ◆         delay multivibrator          ◆         a monostable circuit capable of producing an output pulse at a predetermined time after receipt of a trigger input pulse.

16540    ◆         delayed alpha particle     ◆         an alpha particle that is emitted by an excited nucleus long after beta decay has taken place.

16541    ◆         delayed automatic gain control     ◆            an automatic gain control circuit that preserves weaker signals in a receiver by acting only on inputs above a predetermined amplitude. Also, delayed automatic volume control.

16542    ◆         DELAYED INFLOW           ◆         지연유입수; 하수관거로 배수하기 위해 여러날 또는 그 이상이 필요한 우수

16543    ◆         delayed neutron ◆         a neutron arising from fission but not instantaneously released, sometimes delayed up to seconds; resulting from the breakdown of fission products and helpful in the control of reactors.

16544    ◆         delayed neutron fraction  ◆         the ratio of the average number of delayed neutrons to the total number of neutrons per fission event, amounting to about 0.75%.

16545    ◆         delayed PPI        ◆         a plan-position indicator in which the start of each sweep is delayed for a predetermined time after transmission of the main pulse.

16546    ◆         delayed sweep    ◆         a technique in which the start of a sweep is delayed for a predetermined time after the reference pulse in order to enhance the clarity of later signals by allowing them to be seen on an expanded time scale.

16547    ◆         Delbruck scattering         ◆         the diffusion of photons by the electric field created by a motionless charged particle.

16548    ◆         Delegated State  ◆         A state (or other governmental entity such as a tribal government) that has received authority to administer an environmental regulatory program in lieu of a federal counterpart, As used in connection with NPDES, UIC, and PWS used in connote and transfer of federal authority to a state.

16549    ◆         deliquescence     ◆         the absorption of water from the air that eventually leads to a softened state.

16550    ◆         deliquescent       ◆         ㆍ describing a substance that tends to absorb water vapor from the atmosphere and become liquid.describing a substance that tends to absorb water vapor from the atmosphere and become liquid. ㆍ specifically, describing a powdery substance that will dissolve in the water it absorbs from the atmosphere, unless kept enclosed or stoppered.specifically, describing a powdery substance that will dissolve in the water it absorbs from the atmosphere, unless kept enclosed or stoppered.

16551    ◆         Delist    ◆         Use of the petition process to have a facility's toxic designation rescinded.

16552    ◆         delocalized bond ◆         a molecular bonding concept, often used to describe the pi bonding in a system of alternating single and multiple bonds; a bonding electron is seen as delocalized between the linked atoms instead of being associated with a particular atom.

16553    ◆         delta modulation ◆         a transmission system in which each sample of the signal is transmitted by the value with which it differs from the preceding sample.

16554    ◆         delta pulse-code modulation        ◆            a transmission system in which each sample of the signal is transmitted by a value, coded as a binary number pulse sequence, showing how much it differs from the preceding sample.

16555    ◆         deltic method     ◆         a method of sampling incoming waveforms and reference signals, in which the samples are compressed in time and compared by autocorrelation. (An acronym for delayed-line-time-compression.)

16556    ◆         demagnetization ◆         the complete or partial elimination of permanent magnetic fields.

16557    ◆         demal    ◆         a solution of one gram-equivalent of solute dissolved in one cubic decimeter of solvent.

16558    ◆         Demand-side Waste Management ◆            Prices whereby consumers use purchasing decisions to ommunicate to product maunfacturers that they prefer environmentally sound products packaged with the least amount of waste, made from recycled or recyclable materials, and containing no hazardous substances.

16559    ◆         demasking         ◆         the process of restoring normal chemical reactivity to a masked substance.

16560    ◆         Dember effect    ◆         an effect in which light shining on one region of a two-region semiconductor stimulates the diffusion of hole-electron pairs, thus producing a voltage between the regions. Also, PHOTODIFFUSION EFFECT.

16561    ◆         Demineralization ◆         A tratment process that removes dissolved minerals from water.

16562    ◆         demister            ◆         a British term for a defroster.

16563    ◆         DEMOLITION WASTES     ◆         해체폐기물; 해체빌팅, 파손된 가로, 인도, 다리등 기타구조물에서 나온 폐기물

16564    ◆         demountable tube          ◆         an electron tube that can be partially disassembled for inspection and replacement of electrodes.

16565    ◆         demultiplexer     ◆         a device that is designed to separate signals previously combined by a multiplexer and transmitted over a single channel.

16566    ◆         demultiplexing circuit      ◆         a circuit that acts as a demultiplexer.

16567    ◆         denaturation      ◆         the process of denaturing a substance.  Molecular Biology. any process in which the molecular structure of a substance, especially that of a protein or nucleic acid, is artificially altered using heat, radiation, or an acidic solution, in order to eliminate or modify one or more of its characteristic chemical, physical, or biological properties; the process usually involves the breaking of hydrogen bonds.

16568    ◆         denature            ◆         to add a chemical substance to a product to render it unpleasant or unfit for human consumption, so that the product may be used exclusively for other purposes.

16569    ◆         Denifrification     ◆         탈질화 ; 질산성 질소가 질소 및 기타 기체상태의 최종생성물로 전화되는 생물학적 과정

16570    ◆         DENITRIFICATION            ◆         탈질산화

16571    ◆         Denitrification     ◆         Thr biological reduction of nitrate to nitrogen gas by denitrifying bacteria in soil.

16572    ◆         DE-NOX SYSTEM ◆         질소산화물 저감 기술

16573    ◆         dense layer, skin layer (치밀층)      ◆            비대칭막 및 복합막에 있어서, 표면에 있는 얇은 밀인 층.

16574    ◆        Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (DNAPL)            ◆         Non-aqueous phase liquids such as chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents or petroleum fractions with a specific gravity greater than 1.0 that sink through the water column until they reach a confining layer. Because they are at the bottom of aquifers instead of floating on the water table, typical monitoring wells do not indicate their presence.

16575    ◆         DENSIFICATION  ◆         압축; 폐기물의 물리적처리에서, 일반적으로 기계적인 압력을 가해 폐기물을 처음의 부피보다 감소시키는 공정을 일컫는 용어이다

16576    ◆         Density  ◆         A measure of how heavy a specific volume of a solid, kiquid, or gas is in comparison to water. depending on the chemical.

16577    ◆         density  ◆         the concentration of matter of an object, measured as the ratio of its mass to its volume;the mass per unit volume of a substance, expressed in such units as kg/m3, g/cm3 or lb/ft3.

16578    ◆         DENSITY CURRENT          ◆         밀도류, 밀도율

16579    ◆         density gradient centrifugation     ◆            a method of separating the components of a mixture according to the density of their particles by spinning in a centrifuge.

16580    ◆         density modification        ◆         a computational method for improving the phases used to calculate an electron density map from X-ray diffraction data. An envelope defining the approximate boundary of the molecule is determined from the electron density map, and all electron density outside this envelope is set to its average value. A new set of phases is then determined by Fourier inversion of this solvent flattened map. The usefulness of the method increases as the fraction of solvent in the unit cell increases. Also, SOLVENT-FLATTENING.

16581    ◆         density modulation         ◆         a process in which the density of the electron beam in an electron tube is varied with time, resulting in a bunching of electrons.

16582    ◆         DENSITY OF AIR ◆         공기밀도; 0℃, 1기압하에서 공기의 밀도는 1.2928 g/L 이다.

16583    ◆         dental coupling  ◆         a flexible coupling device that is used to join a reduction-gear pinion shaft to a steam turbine; consists of a short shaft with a set of gear teeth at each end.

16584    ◆         deodorizing       ◆         any process for eliminating odor-creating substances from a product.

16585    ◆         DEP       ◆         Deparment of Environmental Protection

16586    ◆         depentanizer      ◆         a fractionating column to remove pentane and lighter fractions from hydrocarbon mixtures.

16587    ◆         dephlegmation   ◆         the partial condensation of vapor to form a liquid containing higher boiling constituents than the original vapor, often done in a distillation operation.

16588    ◆         dephlegmator     ◆         a device used in fractional distillation to cool the vapor mixture, thus condensing less volatile boiling fractions. Also, FRACTIONATING COLUMN.

16589    ◆         Depletion Curve  ◆         In hydraulics, a graphical representation of water depletion from storage-stream channels, surface soil, and groundwater. A depletion curve can be drawn for base flow, direct runoff, or total flow.

16590    ◆         depletion drive   ◆         a well drive displacement mechanism for expelling hydrocarbons from porous reservoir formations; types of drives are water or gas, either injected or natural, and injected LPG. Also, SOLUTION GAS DRIVE, DISSOLVED GAS DRIVE.

16591    ◆         depletion layer   ◆         the region of a reverse-biased P-N junction in which there are no charge carriers, so that current does not flow and the junction acts as an insulator rather than as a semiconductor. Also, BARRIER LAYER, DEPLETION REGION, SPACE-CHARGE LAYER.

16592    ◆         depletion mode transistor            ◆            a field-effect transistor in which the gate is reverse-biased with respect to the channel, and which can be driven from a state of full conduction to nonconduction by varying the gate voltage.

16593    ◆         depletion-layer capacitance          ◆            the capacitance of the depletion layer of a semiconductor. Also, BARRIER-LAYER CAPACITANCE, JUNCTION CAPACITANCE.

16594    ◆         depletion-layer rectification          ◆            the rectification that occurs at the contact between dissimilar materials, such as a semiconductor P-N junction, as the energy levels on each side of the discontinuity are readjusted.

16595    ◆         depletion-layer transistor ◆         a transistor whose operation depends directly on the flow of carriers through depletion layers.

16596    ◆         depletion-type reservoir   ◆         an oil reservoir that is constantly in a state of equilibrium between the gas and liquid phases; oil is displaced during production by the expansion of gas set free from solution in the oil.

16597    ◆         DEPOLARIZATION           ◆         탈분극, 감극

16598    ◆         depolarizer         ◆         ㆍ a substance that tends to reduce the polarization of an electrode.a substance that tends to reduce the polarization of an electrode. ㆍ a substance that is preferentially oxidized or reduced to preclude undesired reactions.a substance that is preferentially oxidized or reduced to preclude undesired reactions.

16599    ◆         DEPOSIT REFUND SYSTEM           ◆            예치금제도;  주로 공해의 저감과 자원의 재상용을 목적으로 사용되는 제도로서 오염물질 단위당 일정액을 예치하고 대상오염물질을 회수하거나 적절한 폐기과정을 거쳤을 때 이를 반환하는 제도, 폐기물 자원화를 위한 경제적 유인책

16600    ◆         DEPOSIT SYSTEM            ◆         예치금제도