환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 16610-16700

환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 16610-16700

번호                  용어                  해설

16601    ◆         deposition potential        ◆         the minimum amount of electric potential required to cause a given electrode to begin discharging ions. Also, DISCHARGE POTENTIAL.

16602    ◆         DEPRESSION METHOD    ◆         계곡매립법(폐, 매립방법)

16603    ◆         depressor          ◆         an agent that retards or prevents a chemical process or reaction; a negative catalyst.

16604    ◆         Depressurization ◆         A condition that occurs when the air pressure inside a structure is lower that the air pres-sure outdoors. Depressurization con occur when household appliances such as fireplaces or furnaces, that consume or exhaust house air, are not supplied with enough makeup air. Radon may be drawn into a house more rapidly under depressurixed conditions.

16605    ◆         depropanize       ◆         the elimination of propane and sometimes lighter fractions from a petroleum fraction in oil processing.

16606    ◆         depropanizer      ◆         a fractionating column that removes propane and lighter components in a gasoline or petrochemical plant.

16607    ◆         depth of compensation    ◆         the depth (100 to 117 km below the surface) at which the slow-moving viscous material that supports the brittle material of the earth's crust adjusts to changes in the load on the surface.

16608    ◆         depthometer      ◆         an instrument used for determining the depth of a particular zone or the full depth of the well.

16609    ◆         depth-type filtration        ◆         a method to remove solids by passing the carrier fluid through a mass-filter medium having a circuitous route with many traps to catch the solids.

16610    ◆         DEQ      ◆         Department of Environmental Quality

16611    ◆         derating ◆         the reduction of the voltage, current, or maximum power dissipation rating of a device or component, usually to allow for operation at higher ambient temperatures.

16612    ◆         derivative polarography   ◆         an electroanalytical technique in which the rate of change of current with respect to applied potential is measured as a function of the applied potential.

16613    ◆         derivative thermometric titration   ◆            an analytical procedure during which a resistance-capacitance network is used to record first and second derivatives of the curve of temperature versus weight change upon heating to obtain a sharp end point

16614    ◆         derived sound system      ◆         a stereophonic sound system in which each of the two channels feeds two loudspeakers, thus approximating a quadraphonic system.

16615    ◆         Dermal Absorption/Penetration     ◆            Process by which a chemical penetrates the skin and enters the body as an internal dose.

16616    ◆         Dermal Exposure ◆         Contact between a chemical and the skin.

16617    ◆         DERMAL LD50(RAT)         ◆         쥐를 대상으로 피부접촉시 50%의 치사에 도달하는 량

16618    ◆         Dermal Toxicity   ◆         Thr ability of a pesticde or toxic chemical to poison people or animals by contact with the skin. (See: contact pesticide.)

16619    ◆         derosination       ◆         a process in which excess resins are removed from wood by saponification with organic solvents or aqueous alkaline solutions.

16620    ◆         derrick   ◆         a crane consisting of a movable boom attached by a rotating hinge to a stationary post.

16621    ◆         derrick barge      ◆         a type of barge used widely in offshore drilling platform construction and in oil- and gas-field development operations; fitted with at least one high capacity derrick for lifting heavy equipment onto production platforms. Also, CRANE BARGE.

16622    ◆         DERs     ◆         Data Evaluation Records

16623    ◆         DES       ◆         A synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbestrol is used as a growth stimulant in food animals. Residues in meat are thought to he carcinogenic.

16624    ◆         DES       ◆         Diethylstilbesterol

16625    ◆         Desalination       ◆         [Desalinization] (1) Removing salts from ocean or brackish water by using various technologies. (2) Removal of salts from soil by artificial means, usually leaching.

16626    ◆         desalinization     ◆         any of various methods used to remove mineral salt from ocean water or other brines, such as flash distillation, reverse osmosis, or electrodialysis. Also, desalination, desalting.

16627    ◆         descending branch          ◆         the portion of an object's trajectory after its summit, along which the object's altitude decreases monotonically with time. Also, descent trajectory, descending trajectory.

16628    ◆         descending chromatography        ◆            a separation technique using paper chromatography in which a solution is poured into the top of the developing chamber and the solute is separated from the sample as the solution moves down the paper sheet in the chamber.

16629    ◆         DESCON            ◆         사막화 통제 협의그룹  consultative group for desertification control

16630    ◆         DESERTIFICATION            ◆         사막화 : 토지가 가지는 생산력의 감퇴 내지는 파괴를 의미하며 종국적으로 사막상태를 초래하는 토지 황폐화 과정임

16631    ◆         Desiccant           ◆         A chemical agent that absorbs moisture; some desiccants are capable of drying out plants or insects, causing death.

16632    ◆         desiccator          ◆         a closed glass vessel with an airtight lid that contains a chemical to absorb moisture; used for keeping materials free from moisture.

16633    ◆         Design annual precipitation          ◆            설계년간 강수량;

16634    ◆         Design Capacity  ◆         The average daily flow that a treatment plant or other facility is designed to accommodate.

16635    ◆         Design hydraulic loading rate       ◆            수리학적 부하율 설계;

16636    ◆         Design percolation rate    ◆         설계침투율;

16637    ◆         Design precipitation rate  ◆         설계 강수율;

16638    ◆         Design Value      ◆         The monitored reading used by EPA to determine an area's air quality status; e.g., for ozone, the fourth highest reading measured over the most recent three years is the design value.

16639    ◆         DESIGN WASTEWATER(STROMWATER) FLOW    ◆         계획오수(우수)량

16640    ◆         designated officers for environmental matters (DOEM)  ◆         환경문제 담당관

16641    ◆         Designated Pollutant       ◆         An air pollutant which is neither a criteria nor hazardous pollutant, as described in the Clean Air Act, but for which new source performance standards exist. The Clean Air Act does require states to control these pollutants, which include acid mist, total reduced sulfur (TRS), and fluorides.

16642    ◆         Designer Bugs    ◆         Popular term fo micobes developed through biotechnology that can degrade specific toxic chemicals at their source in toxic waste dumps or in ground water.

16643    ◆         desilication        ◆         the removal of silica from magma or rock as a result of the breakdown of silicates, or from soil as a result of percolation of large quantities of rainwater.

16644    ◆         desilter  ◆         a mechanical classifier in which silt particles settle as the carrier liquid is stirred by horizontally revolving rakes.

16645    ◆         deslimer ◆         any of various devices, such as solid-bowl centrifuges, that are used to remove fine particles from ore pulp, to upgrade cement fractions, or to classify abrasives and pigments.

16646    ◆         desorb   ◆         to carry out the process of desorption.

16647    ◆         desorption         ◆         a physical or chemical process by which a substance that has been adsorbed or absorbed by a liquid or solid material is removed from the material.

16648    ◆         destearinate       ◆         a method of removing the lower melting point compounds from a fatty oil.

16649    ◆         Destination Facility          ◆         The facility to which regulated medical waste is shipped for teatment and destruction, incineration, and/or disposal.

16650    ◆         destraction         ◆         a high-pressure process that separates high-boiling or nonvolatile material by dissolving it with the application of supercritical gases.

16651    ◆         Destratification   ◆         Vertical mixing within a lake or reservoir to totally or partially eliminate separate layers of temperature, plant, or animal life.

16652    ◆         Destroyed Medical Waste ◆            Regulated medical waste that has been ruined, torn apart, or mutilated through thermal treatment, melting, shredding, grinding, tearing, or breaking, so that it is no longer generally recognized as medical waste, but has not yet been treated (excludes compacted regulated medical waste).

16653    ◆         DESTRUCTION AND REMOVAL EFFICIENCY            ◆         제거 및 파괴 효율  DRE

16654    ◆         Destruction and Removal Efficiency (DRE)            ◆         A percentage that represents the number of molecules of a compound removed or destroyed in an incinerator relative to the number of molecules entering the system (e.g., a DRE of 99.99 percent means that 9,999 molecules are destroyed for every 10,000 that enter; 99.99 percent is known as four nines. For some pollutants, the RCRA removal requirement may be as stringent as six nines)

16655    ◆         DESTRUCTION EFFICIENCY           ◆            파괴효율

16656    ◆         Destruction Facility          ◆         A facility that destroys regulated medical waste.

16657    ◆         destructive breakdown     ◆         the electrical breakdown of the depletion region in a field-effect transistor causing permanent damage to the transistor.

16658    ◆         destructive distillation      ◆         a process in which a carbon-containing material such as coal or oil shale is heated in the absence of air, resulting in its decomposition into solids, liquids, and gases, with the solid end product being carbon.

16659    ◆         Desulfurization   ◆         Removal of sulfur from fossil fuels to reduce

16660    ◆         desulfurization unit         ◆         a unit for removing sulfur or sulfur compounds used in petroleum refining, minerals processing, and other operations.

16661    ◆         Detectable Leak Rate       ◆         The smllest leak (from a storage tank), expressed in tems of gallons- or liters-per-hour, that a test can reliably discern with a certain probability of detection of false alarm.

16662    ◆         Detection Criterion          ◆         A predetermined rule to ascertain whether a tank is leaking or not. Most volumetric tests use a threshold value as the detection criterion. (See: volumetric tank tests.)

16663    ◆         detection threshold         ◆         the minimum signal-to-noise ratio that a sound can have and still be detected, as measured in decibels by the equation DT = 10 log(S/N0), with S/N0 representing the signal-to-noise ratio.

16664    ◆         detectivity          ◆         a figure representing gain over noise for solid- state detectors such as photodiodes or phototransistors.

16665    ◆         DETECTOR         ◆         검출기. 감지기

16666    ◆         detent   ◆         the catch or lever of a mechanism that locks or unlocks the movement.

16667    ◆         Detention Time   ◆         1. The theoretical calculated time required for a small amount of water to pass through a tank at a given rate of flow. 2. The actual time that a small amount of water is in a settling basin, flocculating basin, or rapid-mix chamber. 3. In storage reservoirs, the length of time water will be held before being used.

16668    ◆         DETERGENT        ◆         세척제, 계면활성제

16669    ◆         Detergent          ◆         Synthetic washing agent that helps to remove dirt and oil. Some contain compounds which kill useful bacteria and enourage algae growth when they are in wastewater that reaches receiving waters.

16670    ◆         determinate structure      ◆         any structure whose stresses and strains are determined completely by the equations of statics.

16671    ◆         determination     ◆         the measurement of chemical or physical properties of compounds; for example, specific gravity determinations.

16672    ◆         Detetion Limit    ◆         The lowest concentration of a hemical that con reliably be distinguished from a  zero concentration.

16673    ◆         detonating rate   ◆         the velocity of an explosion wave as it passes through a charge.

16674    ◆         detonation         ◆         in an internal combustion engine, a premature spontaneous combustion of the air-fuel mixture that occurs when the temperature of compressed air in the cylinder exceeds certain limits; accompanied by loss of power, overheating, and knocking.

16675    ◆         DETOXIFICATION ◆         해독 : 독성이 상대적으로 낮은 물질로 변화되는 과정

16676    ◆         detrital remanent magnetization   ◆            the magnetization of sedimentary rock that occurs at the time of formation, and that conforms, with some depositional bias, to the earth's magnetic field or local magnetic fields if present.

16677    ◆         DETRITUS           ◆         유기쇄물

16678    ◆         detune  ◆         to change the inductance or capacitance of a tuned circuit so that its resonant frequency differs from the incoming signal frequency.

16679    ◆         deuterate           ◆         to introduce deuterium into a chemical compound. Thus, deuteration.

16680    ◆         deuterium discharge tube ◆         a tube that consists of a glass envelope containing deuterium gas and two metal electrodes, and that produces high-intensity ultraviolet radiation when the gas is ionized by an electric current; used primarily in spectroscopic microanalysis applications.

16681    ◆         deuteron           ◆         the nucleus of a deuterium atom, consisting of a proton and a neutron; because of its low binding energy, it is useful as a projectile in nuclear bombardment experiments. Also, deuton, deuterion.

16682    ◆         deuteron capture            ◆         the absorption of a heavy hydrogen isotope by a nucleus.

16683    ◆         Development Effects        ◆         Adverse dffects such as altered growth, structural abnormality, functional deficiency, or death observed in a developing organism.

16684    ◆         development well            ◆         a well that is drilled within the productive area as determined by appraisal wells, after proving that enough oil or gas exists for commercial production.

16685    ◆         DEVIATION ACCELERATION          ◆            전향가속도 : 지구의 자전때문에 생기는 가속도

16686    ◆         DEVIATION FORCE          ◆         편차력 ; 가속도에 의한 힘

16687    ◆         deviation hole    ◆         a drilled hole that intentionally deviates from the true vertical, but by no more than 5%.

16688    ◆         deviatoric stress  ◆         the remaining stress when the spherical or mean normal stress is subtracted from the total stress.

16689    ◆         device   ◆         a discrete electronic element, usually an active element, such as an electron tube or diode, that cannot be divided without destroying its specific function.

16690    ◆         DEW POINT TEMPERATURE          ◆            노점온도 : 수증기량을 표시하는 방법으로 현재의 수증기압으로 포화수증기압이 되는 온도

16691    ◆         Dewater ◆         1. Remove or separate a portion of the water in a sludge or slurry to dry the sludge so it can be handled and disposed of. 2. Remove or drain the water from a tank or trench.

16692    ◆         Dewater sludge application          ◆            탈수슬러지 주입; 슬러지 토양주입 방법

16693    ◆         dewaterer          ◆         ㆍ broadly, any of various devices used to remove water from a mine or similar location, or to separate water from solid material.broadly, any of various devices used to remove water from a mine or similar location, or to separate water from solid material. ㆍ a wastewater treatment device that uses vacuum filtration to separate the water from the sludge.a wastewater treatment device that uses vacuum filtration to separate the water from the sludge.

16694    ◆         DEWATERING     ◆         탈수; 열과 기계적인 방법등을 이용하여 폐기물과 슬러지로 부터 수분을 제거하는 행위

16695    ◆         dewaxing           ◆         a process that removes solid hydrocarbon waxes from petroleum fractions, as in lube oil manufacturing.

16696    ◆         dew-point boundary        ◆         the area along which the gas-oil ratios approach zero on a phase diagram for a gas-condensate reservoir (pressure versus temperature with constant gas-oil ratios).

16697    ◆         dew-point composition    ◆         the water vapor-air composition at saturation; namely, the point at which water exerts a vapor pressure equal to the partial pressure of water vapor in the air-water mixture.

16698    ◆         dew-point curve ◆         the line on a PVT phase diagram that divides the two-phase (gas-liquid) region from the one-phase (gas) region and denotes the point at a given gas temperature or pressure at which the first drop of liquid occurs.

16699    ◆         dew-point depression      ◆         the process of reducing the liquid-vapor dew point of a gas by removing a fraction of the liquid from the gas.  Meteorology. the difference in degrees between the air temperature and the dew point. Also, dew-point spread.

16700    ◆         dew-point hygrometer     ◆         a device that is used to determine the dew point by measuring the temperature at which cooling vapor in a silver vessel begins to show condensation. Also, COLD-SPOT HYGROMETER.