환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 15501-15600

환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 15501-15600

번호                  용어                  해설

15501    ◆         combiner circuit ◆         a circuit that mixes the luminance and chrominance signals with the synchronizing signals in a color television camera.

15502    ◆         COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS           ◆            가연성물질; 폐기물속에 있는 연소가능한 다양한 물질　

15503    ◆         Combustion       ◆         1. Burning, or rapid oxidation, accompanied by release of energy in the form of heat and light . 2. Refers to controlled burning of waste, in which heat chemically alters organic compounds, converting into stable inorganics such as carbon dioxide and water.

15504    ◆         COMBUSTION    ◆         연소; 유기물이 산소와 화학적 반응을 하여 빛과 열을 수반한 산화물을 생성하는 것 말한다

15505    ◆         combustion chamber       ◆         ㆍ in an internal combustion engine, the space above a piston in which combustion occurs.in an internal combustion engine, the space above a piston in which combustion occurs. ㆍ in a furnace, any space in which combustion occurs, or the space in which combustion of gaseous products occurs.in a furnace, any space in which combustion occurs, or the space in which combustion of gaseous products occurs.

15506    ◆         Combustion Chamber      ◆         The actual compartment where waste is burned in an incinerator.

15507    ◆         combustion chamber volume       ◆            the volume of the combustion chamber when a piston is located at top dead center.

15508    ◆         combustion efficiency      ◆         the ratio of heat produced in a combustion process to the heat that would be produced if combustion were complete.

15509    ◆         combustion engine         ◆         an engine operated by the energy released from a combustible fuel that is fed to the engine.

15510    ◆         combustion engineering  ◆         the study of heat liberated and absorbed by the combustion process as applied to furnace efficiency and design.

15511    ◆         COMBUSTION GAS COOLING FACILITY            ◆         연소가스 냉각설비

15512    ◆         Combustion Product       ◆            Substance produced during the burning or oxidation of a material.

15513    ◆         combustion wave            ◆         a zone of combustion that travels along a narrow path through a burning substance.

15514    ◆         combustor         ◆         the system in a gas turbine or jet engine that contains burners, ignitors, and injection devices in addition to the combustion chamber.

15515    ◆         CO-METABOLISM            ◆         다른 기질과의 공통대사작용

15516    ◆         comma  ◆         a term used in music to describe an inharmonic interval between two notes, such as C and D flat, which produces overtones less than a whole step apart

15517    ◆         Command Post   ◆         Facility located at a safe distance upwind from an accident site, where the on-scene coordinator, responders, and tachnical representatives make response decisions, deploy manpower and equipment, maintain liaison with  news media, and handle communications.

15518    ◆         command pulses ◆         the electrical representation of bit values that govern input-output devices.

15519    ◆         Command-and-Control Regulations            ◆         Specific requirements prescribing how to comply with specific standards defining acceptable levels of pollution.

15520    ◆         Comment Period ◆         Time provided for the public to review and comment on a proposed EPA action or rulemaking after publication in the Federal Register.

15521    ◆         COMMERCIAL CHEMICAL PRODUCTS            ◆         사업용 화공약품

15522    ◆         COMMERCIAL SOLID WASTE        ◆            상업폐기물; 상업시설에서 발생되는 폐기물　

15523    ◆         Commercial Waste          ◆         All solid waste emanating from business establishments such as stores, marjets, office buildings, restaurants, shopping centers, and theaters.

15524    ◆         Commercial Waste Management Facility            ◆         A treatment, storage, disposal, or transfer facility which accepts waste from a variety of sources, as compared to a private facility which normally manages a limited waste stream generated by its own operations.

15525    ◆         COMMERCIAL WASTEWATER        ◆            영업오수; 사무실, 학교, 식당등에서 배출되는 오수

15526    ◆         COMMINGLED RECYCLABLES        ◆            혼합재활용품; 컨테이너내에 혼합되어 있는 여러종류의 재활용가능한 물질

15527    ◆         Commingled Recyclables  ◆         Mixed recyclables that are collected together.

15528    ◆         COMMINGLED WASTE     ◆         혼합폐기물; 폐기물 성분들이 필요에 따라 분리되지 않고 일괄적으로 한데 배출된 생활 또는 상업폐기물 지칭한다.　

15529    ◆         COMMINGLED WASTE COLLECTION            ◆         혼합수거; 폐기물관리에 있어서 폐기물을 혼합하여 수거함

15530    ◆         commingling      ◆         the blending of oil products with like properties, often performed to ease pipeline transportation.

15531    ◆         Comminuter       ◆         A machine that shreds or pulverizes soilds to make waste treatment easier.

15532    ◆         COMMINUTION  ◆         분쇄; 수처리에 사용되는 물리학적 단위조작

15533    ◆         Comminution     ◆         Mechanical shredding or pulverizing of waste. Used in both soild waste management and wastewater treatment.

15534    ◆         comminutor       ◆         a tool or machine used to break up solids into very fine particles.

15535    ◆         COMMITMENT   ◆         약속 : 교역자유화에 따라 각종 보호 및 지원조치를 구체적으로 감축하겠다고 약속한다는 의미로 사용됨

15536    ◆         COMMITTEE ON TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT  ◆         무역환경위원회 : WTO 각료회의 산하에 설치된 특별위원회이며, 국제무역과 환경정책의 다각적인 조화방안을 논의하기 위해 구성된 위원회

15537    ◆         COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY            ◆         공동농업정책  CAP

15538    ◆         COMMON BUT DIFFERENTIATED RESPONSIBILITIES           ◆         보편적이지만 차등적인 책임  분배된 자원의 보호를 위해 각국에 분배된 책임을 말함

15539    ◆         Common ion effect         ◆         공통이온 효과; 약전해질의 전리는 공통되는 이온을 포함한 강전해질을 가하면 현저하게 감소함

15540    ◆         common mode   ◆         in a system processing a differential signal, the part of the signal that appears on both conductors and does not contribute to the differential component. The common mode signal is one-half of the sum of the signals measured on the two differential leads with respect to the ground reference.

15541    ◆         common return  ◆         a single conductor that forms the return circuit for two or more otherwise separate circuits.

15542    ◆         Common Sense Initiative  ◆            Voluntary program to simplify environmental regulation to achieve cleaner, cheaper, smarter results, starting with six major industry sectors.

15543    ◆         common-drain amplifier  ◆         a field-effect transistor amplifier in which the drain terminal is common to the input and the output. Also, SOURCE-FOLLOWER AMPLIFIER.

15544    ◆         common-gate amplifier   ◆         a field-effect transistor amplifier in which the gate terminal is common to the input and the output.

15545    ◆         common-ion effect         ◆         a phenomenon whereby an ionic compound is rendered less soluble when added to a solution containing another compound with which it has an ion in common.

15546    ◆         common-mode error       ◆         a difference in voltage that appears at the output terminal of an operational amplifier, caused by the appearance of voltage at two separate input locations.

15547    ◆         common-mode gain        ◆         the ratio of the common mode of the output voltage of a differential amplifier to the common mode of the input voltage; the gain of an ideal differential amplifier is zero.

15548    ◆         common-mode rejection  ◆         the ratio of the common mode signals at the input and the output, respectively, of a differential amplifier. Also, IN-PHASE REJECTION.

15549    ◆         common-mode signal     ◆         the algebraic average of two signals applied simultaneously to both ends of a balanced circuit, such as a differential amplifier. Also, IN-PHASE SIGNAL.

15550    ◆         common-mode voltage    ◆         ㆍ the amount of voltage common to both lines of a balanced amplifier.the amount of voltage common to both lines of a balanced amplifier. ㆍ a signal carried along a transmission line in both wires of its circuit.a signal carried along a transmission line in both wires of its circuit.

15551    ◆         common-rail injection     ◆         a fuel injection system applied to multicylinder compression-ignition engines; an untimed pump maintains constant pressure in a pipe line, called a rail, from which branches deliver oil to mechanically operated injection valves.

15552    ◆         common-source amplifier ◆         a field-effect transistor amplifier in which the source terminal is common to both the input and the output.

15553    ◆         communication zone indicator      ◆            a device designed to indicate whether long-distance high-frequency broadcasts are reaching their destination.

15554    ◆         Community        ◆         In ecology, an assemblage of populations of different specieis within a specified location in space and time. Sometimes, a particular subgrouping may be specified, such as the fish community in a lake or the soil arthropod community in a forest.

15555    ◆         COMMUNITY EFFECTS INDEX       ◆            지역사회효과지수; 폐기물수거상태를 가로의 청소상태를 기준으로 평가하는 방법. CEI

15556    ◆         COMMUNITY NOISE EQUIVALENT LEVEL            ◆         사회소음등가레벨 : 불괘감에 따른 사회적 반응을 평가하는 방법

15557    ◆         Community Relations      ◆         The EPA effort to establish two-way communication with the public to create under-standing of EPA programs and related actions, to ensure public input into decision-making processes relat-ed to affected communities, and to make certain that the Agency is aware of and responsive to public concerns. Specific community relations activities are required in relation to Superfund remedial actions.

15558    ◆         Community Water System            ◆            A public water system which serves at least 15serveice connections used by year-round residents or regularly serves at  least 25 year-round residuents.

15559    ◆         commutating capacitor    ◆         a capacitor that provides commutating voltage for circuit-commutated thyristors in a self-commutated converter.

15560    ◆         commutating reactance   ◆         the reactance that effectively opposes the transfer of current to ensure that it remains steady as it flows from one anode to the next; for convenience, the value of the commutating reactance is designated as the reactance from phase to neutral or one-half the total reactance in the commutating circuit.

15561    ◆         commutator       ◆         for rotating machines, an assembly of conductors onto which brushes are pressed to allow current to flow between the rotor and stator.  Mathematics. given two elements a, b in a group G, the element c (= a-1b-1ab) of G such that ab = bac.

15562    ◆         comonomer       ◆         a simple molecule that is combined with both like and unlike molecules in chains to form a polymer.

15563    ◆         Compact Fluorrescent Lamp(CFL)   ◆            Smal  fluorescent lamps used as more efficient alternatives to incandescent lighting. Also called PL, CFL, Twin-Tube, or BIAX lamps.

15564    ◆         compact layer     ◆         in a double-layer ionic structure, the inner layer of ions that are specifically adsorbed on the electrode surface, as opposed to the adjacent outer region diffused in the electrolytic liquid. Also, COMPACT DOUBLE LAYER, HELMHOLTZ LAYER.

15565    ◆         COMPACTER      ◆         압축기; 압축하여 폐기물의 부피를 줄일 수 있도록 설계된 동력기계

15566    ◆         COMPACTER COLLECTION VEHICLE            ◆         압축수거차; 차체내에 폐기물을 적재, 압축 그리고 배출하기 위하여 특수한 동력장치가 설치된 수거차

15567    ◆         COMPACTION    ◆         압축; Densification 과 같은 의미로 쓰임

15568    ◆         Compaction       ◆         Reduction of the bulk of solid waste by rolling and tamping.

15569    ◆         COMPACTION RATIO       ◆         압축비; 압축전후의  부피비로 나타낸다

15570    ◆         compaction(압밀화)         ◆         파우링이 없는 상태에서, 장시간의 압력 부하에 의해 막이 압축 되는 현상.

15571    ◆         compactor         ◆         a machine that consolidates earth by vibration, impact, or other means in order to carry a larger load.

15572    ◆         compander        ◆         a device that increases signal/noise ratio by compressing the volume range of a transmitted signal and reexpanding it at the receiver. (An acronym for compressor expander.)

15573    ◆         companding       ◆         a process in which compression is followed by expansion; it is often used to reduce noise.

15574    ◆         Comparability (상응성)     ◆         교토의정서에 따라 각국이 수량적 감축 목표를 이행할 때 이를 수치적으로 비교할 것이 아니라 각국의 특수한 정황을 고려하여 상응하도록 이해해야 한다는 의미. 상응성을 고려하는 것은 일본과 같이 1970년대 에너지 효율화 노력 의 결과 온실가스 배출 자체가 상대적으로 낮은 상황에서 출발한 국가가 감축 목표 이행시 이러한 상황을 인정해야 한다는 의미

15575    ◆         Comparative Risk Assessment       ◆            Process that generally uses the judgement of experts to predict effects and set priorities among a wide range of environmental problems.

15576    ◆         comparator circuit          ◆         a circuit whose output indicates whether one of its two inputs is higher than, equal to, or lower than the other input.

15577    ◆         comparison bridge          ◆         a voltage-comparison circuit that resembles a four-arm electrical bridge, in which the elements are arranged so that a zero error signal is derived if a balance exists in the circuit.

15578    ◆         COMPATIBILITY   ◆         겸용성; 단위 조작 및 공정의 선정과 평가시에 고려되어야 할 인자

15579    ◆         compatibility conditions   ◆         a set of six kinematic relations among the six independent components of any strain tensor that ensures the existence of a single-valued continuous displacement field. Also, ST. VENANT'S COMPATIBILITY EQUATIONS.

15580    ◆         compensated amplifier    ◆         a broadband amplifier whose frequency range has been extended by altering circuit characteristics.

15581    ◆         compensated semiconductor        ◆            a semiconductor in which a donor imperfection partially cancels the electrical effects of an acceptor imperfection.

15582    ◆         compensated-loop direction finder            ◆         a direction finder that uses two antenna systems to compensate for polarization error.

15583    ◆         Compensation Import LEV-IES and Export Rebates Priciple  ◆         보상적 수입세 및 수출환급 금지원칙 - OECD에서 제시된 4대 원칙중 하나, 각국은 환경정책의 차이에 따른 경제적 효과를 상쇄시키기 위해 관세를 부과하거나 수출환급금제등을 시행해서는 안된다는 원칙

15584    ◆         competent cells  ◆         a group of embryonic cells that retain the capability to differentiate themselves into other types of cells when exposed to a particular stimulus.

15585    ◆         competing equilibria condition     ◆            the competition for a particular reactant among several simultaneous chemical reactions in a complex chemical system.

15586    ◆         complementary   ◆         describing elements that have similar characteristics, differing by sign, such as P-type and N-type devices.  Psychology. of or relating to complementarity; balancing or offsetting the traits of another person.

15587    ◆         complementary constant-current logic            ◆         a computer circuit design that produces extremely fast switching speeds of 3 nanoseconds.

15588    ◆         complementary logic switch         ◆            a device in which two transistors are paired so that one is on when the other is off.

15589    ◆         complementary symmetry            ◆            a circuit in which two transistors with opposite conductivity provide electricity during opposite halves of the input signal frequency cycle; commonly used in loudspeaker systems.

15590    ◆         complementary transistors           ◆            two transistors with opposite conductivity that operate in the same functional unit.

15591    ◆         Complete composting at temperatures above 55oC and curing in a stockpile for at least 30d            ◆         55oC 이상에서 퇴비화 또는 30일 이상 저장소에서 숙성; 슬러지 살균처리 방법

15592    ◆         Complete exposure pathway  (완전노출경로)        ◆         화학물질이 환경 중 오염원으로부터 매체를 통해 수용체 (화학물질에 의해 영향을 받을 수 있는 생물체)로 전달 되는 모든 경로.  예를 들어  오염물질이 저질로부터 표층수를 거쳐 물고기의 아가미로 전달될 경우, 완전노출경로는 저질-표층수물고기 아가미이다.

15593    ◆         Complete Treatment        ◆         A method of treating water that consists of the addition of coagulant chemicals, flash mixing, coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation, and fitration. Also called conventional filtration.

15594    ◆         completely mixed bioreactor        ◆            a stirred-tank or single- stage fermenter characterized by continuous stirring of the reactor contents but no recycling of the biomass.

15595    ◆         Complete-mix activated sludge process            ◆         완전혼합 공정; 활성슬러지 공정의 연속흐름 혼합반응조 형식의 응용

15596    ◆         COMPLETE-MIX REACTOR ◆         완전혼합 반응조

15597    ◆         COMPLETE-MIX REACTORS IN SERIES            ◆         순차적 완전혼합 반응조

15598    ◆         complex chemical reaction           ◆            a system in which several chemical reactions take place at the same time.

15599    ◆         Complex effluent  (복합 배출물)   ◆            조성이 일정하지 않고 가변可變적인 혼합물로 된 폐수.

15600    ◆         complex living organism  ◆         복합유기체