환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 15601-15700

환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 15601-15700

번호                  용어                  해설

15601    ◆         COMPLEX SOUND           ◆         복합음 : 순음이외의 음

15602    ◆         complex twin     ◆         a twin feldspar crystal produced as a result of both normal and parallel twinning.

15603    ◆         COMPLEXATION  ◆         착물화. 복합체

15604    ◆         COMPLEXITY      ◆         복잡성; 단위 조작 및 공정의 선정과 평가시에 고려되어야 할 인자

15605    ◆         compliance        ◆         the displacement of a mechanical system under a unit applied force.

15606    ◆         Compliance Coal ◆         Any coal tht emits less than 1.2 pounds of sulfur dioxide per milion Btu when burned. Also known as low sulfur coal.

15607    ◆         Compliance Coating        ◆         A coating whose volatile organic compound content does not exceed that allowed by regulation.

15608    ◆         compliance constant       ◆         a coefficient appearing in the generalized Hooke's law (which describes the stress produced in a body as directly proportional to the strain applied).

15609    ◆         COMPLIANCE COST        ◆         보전비용 : 환경정책수단이 무역 및 경쟁력에 미치는 효과를 논의하는 과정에서 추가비용 부담요인을 분석할때 사용하는 용어로, 수입업자가 상대국가의 각종 환경규제기준에 적합하도록 제품을 제조하기 위하여 소요되는 비용의 의미함

15610    ◆         Compliance Cycle           ◆         The 9-year calendar year cycle, beginning january 1, 1993, during which public water systems must monitor. Each cycle consists of three 3-year compliance periods.

15611    ◆         Compliance Monitoring   ◆            Collection and evaluation of data, including self-monitoring reports, and verification to show whether pollutant concentrations and loads contained in permitted discharges are in compliance with the limits and conditions specified in the permit.

15612    ◆         Compliance Schedule      ◆         A negotiaed agreement between a pollution source and a government agency that specifies dates and procedures by which a source will reduce emissions and, thereby, comply with a regulation.

15613    ◆         component distillation     ◆         a distillation process in which a fraction that cannot be separated by normal distillation is separated by forming an azeotropic mixture.

15614    ◆         COMPONENT SEPARATION          ◆            성분분리; 폐기물의 물리적처리에서, 기계 또는 인간의 손을 이용하여 다양한 성분이 혼합된 폐기물로부터 동일한 성분을 분류해내는 공정을 일컫는 용어

15615    ◆         component substances law          ◆            a law stating that each substance in a mixture retains its own specific properties, which are independent of the other substances in the mixture.

15616    ◆         Compositable     ◆         퇴비화가능한

15617    ◆         composite          ◆         the combination of multiple tracks into a master recording, representing the best possible combination of tracks.

15618    ◆         composite circuit ◆         a circuit that is used simultaneously for both telephony and telegraph transmissions, separating the two by frequency discrimination.

15619    ◆         composite cone  ◆         a large volcanic cone composed of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material. Also, STRATOVOLCANO, COMPOSITE VOLCANO, STRATIFIED VOLCANO.

15620    ◆         composite filter  ◆         a network composed of various types of filters that are linked together in series.

15621    ◆         composite flash  ◆         a type of lightning discharge that consists of a series of rapid (occurring at intervals of 0.05 second) lightning discharges, all following the same channel.

15622    ◆         COMPOSITE LINER          ◆         복합차수층

15623    ◆         composite membrane (복합막)      ◆            밀층과 다공질지지층이 달랐던 소재로부터 되는 막.

15624    ◆         COMPOSITE NOISE EXPOSURE INDEX            ◆         합성소음폭로지수 : 1주간의 작업시간. 40시간 내의 레벨별 소음폭로지수의 총합계

15625    ◆         COMPOSITE NOISE RATING          ◆            복합소음평가 : 불괘감에 따른 사회적 반응을 평가하는 방법

15626    ◆         composite pulse ◆         a pulse composed of a series of overlapping pulses emanating from the same signal source, but by way of different paths.

15627    ◆         Composite Sample          ◆         A series of water samples taken over a given period of time and weighted by flow rate.

15628    ◆         composite set     ◆         a network of instruments designed to function as one end of a composite circuit.

15629    ◆         composite stream           ◆         a flow of two or more fluids in one stream, such as oil and gas or different hydrocarbons.

15630    ◆         composite wave filter      ◆         a network of circuits that reduce the amplitude of signals operating at various frequencies.

15631    ◆         composition diagram      ◆         a graphical plot that shows the solvent-solute concentration relationships during various stages of extraction operations.

15632    ◆         composition of forces      ◆         ㆍ the process of establishing a single force that represents the effects of a number of coexisting forces.the process of establishing a single force that represents the effects of a number of coexisting forces.

15633    ◆         composition of velocities law        ◆            a law that relates the velocities of an object in two different reference frames which are moving relative to one another at a specified velocity.

15634    ◆         composition plane          ◆         the common plane between a pair of twinned crystals.

15635    ◆         COMPOST          ◆         퇴비; 적당한 호기성 또는 혐기성상태에서 미생물에 의해 분해된 혼합 유기성폐기물

15636    ◆         Compost            ◆         The relatively stable humus material that is produced from a composting process in which bacteria in soil mixed with garbage and degradable trash break down the mixture into organic fertilizer.

15637    ◆         COMPOST MATURITY      ◆         숙성도; 퇴비화의 진행정도를 알수있는 퇴비화인자

15638    ◆         COMPOST TOILET           ◆         발효성 정화조(폐)

15639    ◆         COMPOSTABLE   ◆         퇴비화 : 퇴비화 가능한  미생물의 자연적 대사작용으로 구조가 파괴되며, 동질적인 분해를 거쳐 부식토로 되어 토양개량제로 사용될 수 있는 제품을 말할 때 사용되는 용어

15640    ◆         COMPOSTING    ◆         퇴비화; 유기물질이 생물학적으로 분해할 경우 발생되는 고운을 이용하여 이물질및 병해충을 사멸하고 안정한 최종산물을 생성하여 토양개량에 적용 가능한 물질을 얻을 수 있는 생물학적 분해공정

15641    ◆         Composting       ◆         The controlled biological decomposition of organic material in the presence of air to form a humus-like material. Controlled methods of composting include mechanical mixing and aerating, ventilating the materials by dropping them through a vertical series of aerated chambers, or placing the compost in piles out in the open air and mixing it or turning it periodically.

15642    ◆         Composting Facilities       ◆         1. An offsite facility where the organi component of municipal solid waste is decomposed under controlled conditions; 2. an aerobic process in which organic materials are ground or shredded and then decomposed to humus in windrow piles or in mechanical digesters, drums, or similar enclosures.

15643    ◆         compound         ◆         a power transmission mechanism that conveys energy from the engines to the drawworks, pump, and other machines on a drilling rig.

15644    ◆         compound cryosar          ◆         a device composed of two cryosars whose electrical properties differ.

15645    ◆         compound elastic scattering         ◆            the combined effects of a collision in which kinetic energy is transferred from a projectile to a target nucleus without raising the target's internal energy to an excited state.

15646    ◆         compound engine           ◆         a displacement engine having two or more cylinders of varying sizes, designed to produce more efficient work as steam expands over two or more stages.

15647    ◆         compound lever ◆         a series of levers for obtaining a large mechanical advantage, the shortest lever being connected to the longer arm of the next in the series; used in large industrial weighing and testing machines.

15648    ◆         compound nucleus         ◆         the intermediate state of a target nucleus after absorption of an incident energetic particle, but before it decays by emitting the outgoing particle (or particles).

15649    ◆         compound rest   ◆         one of the main parts of a lathe, consisting of a base and an upper dovetailed portion that contains a tool post and holder.

15650    ◆         compound volcano         ◆         a volcano that has two or more cones, or an associated volcanic dome in its crater or on its sides.

15651    ◆         compounding     ◆         the consequent arrangement of cylinders in an engine for the purpose of obtaining the highest degree of efficiency from an engine.

15652    ◆         compressed air   ◆         air that is held at a pressure higher (often many times higher) than standard atmospheric pressure, thereby increasing its density. Compressed air is used to inflate automobile tires, to operate power tools, and for various other purposes.

15653    ◆         Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)    ◆            An alternative fuel for motor vehicle; considered one of the cleanest because of low hydrocarbon emissions and its vapors are relatively non-ozone producing. However, vehiles fueled with CNG do emit a significant quanity of nitrogen oxides.

15654    ◆         compressed-air power     ◆         the power distributed by the pressure of compressed air as it expands; this power is used in drills, grinders, pile drivers, and locomotives.

15655    ◆         compressibility   ◆         ㆍ the extent to which a material reduces its volume when it is subjected to compressive stresses.the extent to which a material reduces its volume when it is subjected to compressive stresses.

15656    ◆         compressible      ◆         able to be reduced in volume.

15657    ◆         compressible fluid flow    ◆         a gas flow in which the pressure drop, due to the flow of gas through a system as compared with the inlet pressure, is large enough to cause a 10% or greater reduction in gas density.

15658    ◆         compression      ◆         ㆍ a condition in which the volume of a substance is reduced as a result of pressure changes.a condition in which the volume of a substance is reduced as a result of pressure changes.

15659    ◆         compression coupling     ◆         a coupling system in which a slotted, tapered fitting is slipped over the junction of two aligned shafts and two flanges are then slipped over the fitting, thus centering the shafts and providing a pressure-sensitive surface to transmit moderate loads.

15660    ◆         compression plant          ◆         ㆍ a gas-compression facility used to supply a high-pressure gas stream to be injected into reservoir formations to augment oil yield.a gas-compression facility used to supply a high-pressure gas stream to be injected into reservoir formations to augment oil yield. ㆍ a pipeline installation for pumping natural gas under pressure from one site to another through a pipeline.a pipeline installation for pumping natural gas under pressure from one site to another through a pipeline.

15661    ◆         compression pressure      ◆         in a reciprocating piston engine, the pressure developed at the end of the compression stroke without the combustion of fuel.

15662    ◆         compression process       ◆         the recovery of natural gasoline fractions from gas having a high hydrocarbon content.

15663    ◆         compression ratio           ◆         in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, the ratio of the volume above the piston at the bottom of its compression stroke to the volume above the piston at the top of its stroke. Also, COMPRESSION.

15664    ◆         compression refrigeration ◆         a method of refrigeration in which the refrigerant gas is compressed into liquid form, cooled by heat exchange, and revaporized upon the release of pressure.

15665    ◆         compression release        ◆         the release of compressed gas from an internal combustion engine system due to incomplete closure of an intake or exhaust valve.

15666    ◆         COMPRESSION SETTLING ◆         압밀침전; 제 4형 침전

15667    ◆         compression stroke         ◆         the regularly occurring phase in a reciprocating engine in which fuel trapped in the cylinder is compressed by piston action.

15668    ◆         compression test ◆         a procedure in which the compression ratio within an internal combustion engine is measured in order to identify certain mechanical defects, such as worn rings. Also, BLOWDOWN.

15669    ◆         COMPRESSIONAL WAVE  ◆         소밀파 : 강성체중의 국소적 밀도 변화로 전달되는 파

15670    ◆         compression-ignition engine        ◆            an internal combustion engine wherein the liquid fuel is ignited by the heat of air compressed in the cylinder into which the fuel is injected; a diesel engine is a type of compression-ignition engine.

15671    ◆         compressive intercept receiver      ◆            a receiver that rapidly analyzes and sorts all signals within a broad radio-frequency spectrum by rejecting signals that differ from the ones being transmitted.

15672    ◆         compressive strain          ◆         a change in the volume of a body that occurs when it is subjected to an external force causing a change in the pressure on the body.

15673    ◆         compressive strength      ◆         the maximum compressive stress that a material can withstand without failure. Also, COMPRESSION STRENGTH.

15674    ◆         compressive stress          ◆         ㆍ an external force that acts on a body to shorten it in the direction of the application of the force (generally accompanied by a certain transverse expansion according to Poisson's ratio); the body's volume is thus reduced but its shape is unchanged.an external force that acts on a body to shorten it in the direction of the application of the force (generally accompanied by a certain transverse expansion according to Poisson's ratio); the body's volume is thus reduced but its shape is unchanged. ㆍ a measure of this force per unit area of the body.a measure of this force per unit area of the body.

15675    ◆         compressor        ◆         a reciprocating or rotary pump for raising the pressure of air or another gas; this may be a single-stage or multistage unit.

15676    ◆         compressor blade           ◆         the primary components of centrifugal or axial flow in an air or gas compressor.

15677    ◆         COMPRESSOR DRIVE TURBINE     ◆            압축기 구동 터빈; 피구동기에 따른 증기터빈

15678    ◆         compressor station         ◆         a facility in which the pressure of a gas is raised for the purpose of storing it or transporting it over transmission lines.

15679    ◆         compressor valve            ◆         an automatic valve in a compressor that operates by the pressure difference between two sides of a movable, mechanically independent, single-loaded member.

15680    ◆         Compton incoherent scattering     ◆            the dispersion of X-rays or gamma rays by individual nucleons or electrons that takes place when the energy of the photon is strong enough to negate the effects of binding.

15681    ◆         Compton's rule   ◆         an empirical rule stating that if the heat generated by the fusion of an element is multiplied by the element's atomic weight, then divided by its melting point in degrees Kelvin, the quotient will equal approximately ㆍ

15682    ◆         computational chemistry  ◆         a branch of chemistry that uses computers to investigate chemical structures, properties, and reactions, including both numerical calculations and computer-generated graphic depictions of molecules.

15683    ◆         concentrated force          ◆         a force that is theoretically applied to a point or line on a body; thus, a force whose area of contact with a surface is assumed to be zero. Also, concentrated load.

15684    ◆         concentrated water (농축수)         ◆            막또는 필터를 투과하지 않는 용질, 현탁물질 등이 농축된 물.

15685    ◆         CONCENTRATION           ◆         농도

15686    ◆         Concentration     ◆         The relative amount of a substance mixed with another substance. An example is five ppm of carbon monoxide in air or 1mg/1of iron in water.

15687    ◆         Concentration and type of chemical agent            ◆         화학약품의 농도와 종류;

15688    ◆         concentration cell           ◆         ㆍ a cell in which the energy supplied by a current arises from the differences in solute concentrations at the anode and the cathode.a cell in which the energy supplied by a current arises from the differences in solute concentrations at the anode and the cathode. ㆍ a cell in which there is a change in energy arising from the transference of solutes from one concentration to another without a chemical reaction.a cell in which there is a change in energy arising from the transference of solutes from one concentration to another without a chemical reaction. 3. an element in a potentiometer that measures the concentration of ions at a given electrode by comparing the energy supplied by a current in a known cell and an unknown cell.an element in a potentiometer that measures the concentration of ions at a given electrode by comparing the energy supplied by a current in a known cell and an unknown cell.

15689    ◆         concentration gradient    ◆         the variation of concentration of a dissolved substance with distance in a solution.

15690    ◆         Concentration of growth limiting substrate            ◆         기질 농도;

15691    ◆         Concentration of microorganism   ◆            미생물 농도; 단위부피당 미생물의 질량으로 정의됨

15692    ◆         concentration polarization            ◆            a change in the cell potential due to finite rates of mass transfer to the electrodes.

15693    ◆         concentration polarization (농도 분극)            ◆         일차측의 막의 근방에 있어서, 용질의 농도 구배가 생기는 현상.

15694    ◆         concentration rate (농축 배율)      ◆            농축수농도와 공급수농도와의비.

15695    ◆         concentration scale         ◆         any of various numerical systems that are used to define the proportions of the constituents of a mixture.

15696    ◆         concentric tube column   ◆         a carefully insulated distillation device having a high separating power, in which the outer vapor-rising annulus of the column is concentric around an inner, bottom-discharging reflux return.

15697    ◆         concerted reaction          ◆         a reaction involving processes that simultaneously break existing bonds and form new bonds.

15698    ◆         concrete mixer   ◆         a machine in which concrete-forming elements in fluid form are mixed mechanically.

15699    ◆         concrete pump   ◆         a reciprocating pump that drives fluid concrete to its intended position through a pipe, generally six inches or greater in diameter.

15700    ◆         concrete vibrator ◆         a device that uses vibration to achieve a proper formation of concrete.

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