환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 25001-25100

환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 25001-25100

번호                  용어                  해설

25001    ◆         plant tissue culture         ◆         a technique used to grow undifferentiated plant cells on synthetic medium for experimentation or commercial purposes.

25002    ◆         plaque   ◆         an area of clearing in a bacterial lawn on an agar plate, caused by viral lysis of the bacteria cells.

25003    ◆         plasma cathode  ◆         a cathode in which ionized gas is used as a source of electrons instead of a solid material.

25004    ◆         plasma diode     ◆         ㆍ a tube that generates energy when heat is applied to a space between two electrodes which is filled with cesium vapor.a tube that generates energy when heat is applied to a space between two electrodes which is filled with cesium vapor. ㆍ a tube in which an ionized gas generates electricity that conducts in only one direction.a tube in which an ionized gas generates electricity that conducts in only one direction.

25005    ◆         plasma display    ◆         a system for presenting data that produces one element of a dot-matrix display from the interactions of conductors and gas deposited onto a glass plate.

25006    ◆         plasma generator            ◆         any device, such as a plasma accelerator, plasma engine, or plasma torch, that generates a stream of high-velocity electrons and positive ions.

25007    ◆         plasma gun        ◆         a machine that converts neutral gases into plasma by exposing them to intense thermionic flux.

25008    ◆         PLASMA HIGH TEMPERATURE METALS RECOVERY         ◆         고온플라즈마금속회수법; 고형물과 토양으로 부터 오염물질을 금속증기나 유기성증기로서 점화시키는 오염토양 복원기술

25009    ◆         plasma mantle    ◆         a layer of plasma found immediately below the magnetopause, having a tailward flow of speeds from 100 to 200 km per second, and showing a decrease of density, temperature, and speed with the increase of depth inside the magnetosphere.

25010    ◆         plasma sheath    ◆         an envelope of ionized gas that engulfs a spacecraft, moving through the atmosphere at hypersonic speed, and interferes with the transmission and reception of radio signals.

25011    ◆         plasma sheet      ◆         an area of hot plasma that starts at about 30,000 miles and reaches the orbital path of the moon; composed of particles whose thermal energies typically are 2 to 4 keV.

25012    ◆         Plasma-Arc Reactor         ◆         An incinerator that operates at extremely high temperatures; treats highly toxic wastes that do not burn easily.

25013    ◆         plasmapause      ◆         the outermost point of the plasmasphere at which plasma density decreases sharply by a factor of 100 and more.

25014    ◆         plasmasphere     ◆         an area of relatively dense plasma surrounding the earth, extending 2 to 6 earth radii and composed mostly of protons and electrons having thermal energies not more than several eV.

25015    ◆         plasmatron        ◆         a gas-discharge tube in which a neutral gas, usually helium, is ionized so that it will conduct electricity across electrodes and, under certain conditions, amplify microwave frequencies.

25016    ◆         Plasmid ◆         A circular piece of DNA that exists apart from the chromosome and replicates independently of it. Bacterial plasmids carry information that renders the bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Plasmids are often used in genetic engineering to carry desired genes into organisms.

25017    ◆         PLASMOLYSIS     ◆         원형질분리 : 식물세포를 그 세포액보다 삼투압이 높은 용액속에 담그면 세포액의 수분이 밖으로 빠져나와 그때까지 세포막에 밀착되어 있던 원형질이 세포막에서 떨어져 수축하는 현상.

25018    ◆         plastic   ◆         able to be deformed in any direction and to retain this deformed shape without rupture.

25019    ◆         plastic plate       ◆         a collection of dielectric materials used as a base for a semiconductor device.

25020    ◆         plasticity            ◆         the fact of being plastic; the property of a body by which it undergoes plastic deformation when the applied stress exceeds a certain value, known as the yield value.

25021    ◆         PLASTICITY INDEX           ◆         소성지수

25022    ◆         plasticoviscosity  ◆         the property of a material whose rate of plastic deformation when subjected to stresses exceeding the yield stress is a linear function of the applied stresses.

25023    ◆         Plastics  ◆         Non-metallic chemoreactive compounds molded into rigid or pliable construction materials, fabrics, etc.

25024    ◆         plate cam          ◆         a flat open cam for sliding movement.

25025    ◆         plate coil           ◆         a coil constructed of two metal sheets fastened together, in which one or both of the sheets are embossed to form a passage through which heat flows. Also, PANEL COIL.

25026    ◆         plate conveyor    ◆         a conveyor with a series of trough-shaped steel plates joined together with a slight overlap to form an articulated band.

25027    ◆         PLATE HEIGHT    ◆         단높이 : 크로마토그래피 봉우리 정량적인 척도로 이용

25028    ◆         plate theory       ◆         the theory that a gas chromatography column functions in a manner similar to a distillation column, proceeding through a series consisting of a number of equilibrium states (theoretical plates), each performing a partial separation of the sample.

25029    ◆         plate tower        ◆         a gas-liquid contacting tower consisting of a cylindrical shell that employs cross-flow or counter-flow plates; used primarily for absorption, rectification, or stripping.

25030    ◆         Plate Tower Scrubber       ◆         An air pollution control device that neutralizes hydrogen chloride gas by bubling alkaline water through holes in a series of metal plates.

25031    ◆         plate wave         ◆         a sound wave generated within a flat conducting medium.

25032    ◆         plateau  ◆         the point in a response curve where an increase in the independent variable no longer affects the dependent variables. (From the French word for plate.)

25033    ◆         plateau characteristic       ◆         a relationship between two variables in which the dependent variable reaches a value that does not change with further increase of the independent variable.

25034    ◆         plateau level       ◆         the highest level of production attained by an oil field.

25035    ◆         plated circuit      ◆         a printed circuit that is made by etching a conductive pattern onto an insulating base.

25036    ◆         plate-fin exchanger         ◆         a layered heat-transfer device in which each layer consists of a fin between flat metal sheets sealed off on two sides by bars to form a passage for the flow of fluids.

25037    ◆         platen   ◆         a flat surface for exchanging heat in a boiler or heat exchanger.

25038    ◆         platform conveyor           ◆         a conveyor with continuously moving steel or hardwood platforms on which the loads are placed.

25039    ◆         PLATFORM SCALES         ◆         플롯포옴 계량기; 계근시설장비

25040    ◆         plating  ◆         a technique used to grow pure cultures of microorganisms by streaking a petri dish with a sterile loop dipped into a suspension containing the microorganisms.

25041    ◆         platinotron         ◆         a tube that produces and amplifies microwave energy, requiring a permanent magnet, as does a magnetron; it is used as a high-power saturated amplifier or an oscillator in pulsed radar systems.

25042    ◆         platinum electrode          ◆         a platinum wire electrode that is used as a reference to measure the amount of electrical charge in an electrolytic solution.

25043    ◆         platinum metal   ◆         any of six metals belonging to group VIII B of the Periodic Table, ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, and platinum, that occur naturally as alloys. Also, platinum family, platinum group.

25044    ◆         playback head    ◆         the element in a tape recorder that converts the audio pattern formed on the tape's magnetic field into corresponding electrical signals. Also, REPRODUCE HEAD.

25045    ◆         pleated (type) module (프레트형 모듈)            ◆         평막을 여자재로 하여 사용하는모듈.

25046    ◆         plenum system   ◆         an air conditioning system in which the air propelled into a building is maintained at a higher pressure than the atmosphere.

25047    ◆         Plinian eruption  ◆         an explosive eruption characterized by a tall, sustained eruption column that yields fallout of pumice and ash.

25048    ◆         pliotron ◆         any hot-cathode vacuum tube with at least one grid.

25049    ◆         PLIRRA  ◆         Pollution Liability Insurance and Risk Retention Act

25050    ◆         PLM      ◆         Polarized Light Microscopy

25051    ◆         PLUG FLOW       ◆         압출류형, 플러그 흐름

25052    ◆         Plug Flow          ◆         Type of flow tht occurs in tanks, basins, or eeactors when a slug of water moves through without ever dispersing or mixing with the rest of the water flowing tgrough.

25053    ◆         plug flow digester           ◆         an anaerobic digester that consists of a long tube or elongated, covered pit into which material to be digested is introduced.

25054    ◆         PLUG-FLOW REACTOR     ◆         플러그흐름 반응조, 관형흐름 반응조, =tubular-flow reactor

25055    ◆         plugging            ◆         a method used to brake an electric motor by reversing its connections, in order to provide torque in the opposite direction.

25056    ◆         Plugging            ◆         Act or process of stopping the flow of water, oil, or gas into or out of a formation through a borehole or well penetrating that formation.

25057    ◆         plugging　 Index  ( PI )  ◆         RO등의 순수한 물 장치에 공급수탁도의 표시 방법의 하나.

25058    ◆         plumb line         ◆         a line of force in a geopotential field to which the direction of gravity is everywhere tangential.

25059    ◆         Plume   ◆         1. A visble or measurble discharge of a contaminant from a given point of origin. Can be visible or thermal in water, or visble in the air as, for example, a plume of smoke. 2. The area of radiation leaking from a damaged reactor. 3. Araa downwind within which a release could be dangerous for those exposed to leaking fumes.

25060    ◆         PLUME RISE       ◆         연기의 상승

25061    ◆         plunger pump    ◆         a reciprocating pump in which a solid piston displaces the fluid; used for moving water or pulps.

25062    ◆         plunger pump  ( 플렁거 펌프 )    ◆            왕복동펌프의 일종. 플렁거라고 불리우는 원주의 억지· 연고에 의해  흡입구와 토출구에 있는 밸브를 개폐하고 1왕복당 플렁거의 체적 상당분의 액체를 압송한다. 성능적으로는 수십kg/cm2∼ 수백kg/cm2의 고압이 얻어지고, 물제트에 의한 플라스틱 가공등의 고압 발생 장치로서도 사용된다.

25063    ◆         Plutonium          ◆         A radioactive metallic element chemically similar to uranium. PM-10/PM-2.5: PM 10 is measure of particles in the atmosphere with a diameter of less than ten or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers. PM-2.5 is a measure of smaller particles in the air. PM-10 has been the pollutant particulate level standard against which EPA has been measuring Clean Air Act compliance. On the basis of newer sceientific findings, the Agency is considering regulations that will make PM-2.5 the new standard.

25064    ◆         plutonium-238   ◆         a radioactive isotope of plutonium with a half-life of 87.74 years; formed by decay of neptunium and used in radioisotopic thermoelectric generators.

25065    ◆         plutonium-239   ◆         a radioactive isotope of plutonium with a half-life of 24,100 years; created by irradiating uranium-238 in a reactor and used as a fuel in fast reactors and nuclear weapons.

25066    ◆         PLUVUE ◆         Plume Visibility Model

25067    ◆         PM       ◆         Particulate Matter

25068    ◆         PM10    ◆         Particulate Matter(nominally 10m and less)

25069    ◆         PM15    ◆         Particulate Matter (nominally 15m and less)

25070    ◆         PM2.5   ◆         Particulate Matter Smaller than 2.5 Micrometers in Diameter

25071    ◆         PMAS    ◆         Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations

25072    ◆         PMEL    ◆         Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory

25073    ◆         PMN     ◆         Premanufacture Notification

25074    ◆         PMNF    ◆         Premanufacture Notification Form

25075    ◆         PMR      ◆         Pollutant Mass Rate

25076    ◆         PMR      ◆         Proporationate Mortality Ratio

25077    ◆         PMRS    ◆         Performance Management and Recognition System

25078    ◆         PMS      ◆         Performance Management System

25079    ◆         pn junction        ◆         the boundary separating two regions of semiconductor material with opposing types of impurities.

25080    ◆         PNA      ◆         Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons

25081    ◆         pNa      ◆         the negative logarithm of the activity or concentration of a sodium ion in a solution.

25082    ◆         PNC      ◆         표준서음영역 : NC 곡선에 비하여 저음역과 고음역에서 약간 엄격하게 평가한 수정한 것 ; Preferred noise criteria

25083    ◆         PNEC (예측무영향농도)    ◆         수용 불가능한 효과(즉, 유해한 영향이 발생할 수 있는 가능성) 보다 낮은 수준 으로 예측되는 환경농도. Predicted No Effect Concentration의 줄임말이다. 보통 NOEC(무영향관찰농도)에 안전계수(Safety factor)를 적용해 산출한다. (관련용어: Hazard Quotient 유해지수)

25084    ◆         pneumatic atomizer        ◆         an atomizer in which compressed air is used to produce moisture drops in the diameter range of 5 to 100 micrometers.

25085    ◆         pneumatic control valve   ◆         a valve in which compressed air forced against a diaphragm is opposed by a spring to regulate fluid flow.

25086    ◆         pneumatic conveyor        ◆         a system by which air velocity created by the expansion of compressed air through nozzles conveys loose material, such as sand, grain, or catalyst, through tubes. Also, AIR CONVEYOR.

25087    ◆         pneumatic drill   ◆         a hard-rock drill operated by a reciprocating piston, hammer action, or turbo drive. Thus, pneumatic drilling.

25088    ◆         pneumatic hammer         ◆         a hammer in which compressed air is used to produce the impacting blows.

25089    ◆         pneumatic riveter            ◆         a high-speed riveting machine with a rapidly reciprocating piston driven by compressed air.

25090    ◆         Pneumoconiosis  ◆         Health conditions characterized by permanent deposition of substantial amounts of particulate matter in the lungs and by the tissue reaction to its presence; can range from relatively harmless forms of sclerosis to the destructive fibrotic effect of silicosis.

25091    ◆         pnicogen           ◆         any of the elements of group Va of the periodic table: nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth.

25092    ◆         pnictide ◆         any compound that contains the species X3-, with X as nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, or bismuth.

25093    ◆         pnip transistor    ◆         a device in which a layer of germanium is placed between the base and the collector to produce a signal with a high-frequency range.

25094    ◆         p-Nitrochlorobenzone의 특성 및 방제방법            ◆        

25095    ◆         p-Nitrochlorobenzone의 특성 및 방제방법            ◆         주최 : 국립 환경 연구원

25096    ◆         PNL      ◆         감각소음레벨  Perceived noise level

25097    ◆         pnp transistor     ◆         a bipolar junction transistor in which an N-type base is placed between a P-type emitter and a P-type collector.

25098    ◆         pnpn diode        ◆         a device consisting of four alternate layers of P- and N-semiconductor material, with the ability to block in one direction only, when the positive end is positively biased.

25099    ◆         PO        ◆         Project Officer

25100    ◆         POC      ◆         Point of Compliance