환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 17701-17800

환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 17701-17800

번호                  용어                  해설

17701    ◆         electrochemistry ◆         the branch of chemistry concerned with the chemical changes that occur when a chemical reaction produces an electric current or when an electric current produces a chemical reaction.

17702    ◆         electrochromic    ◆         undergoing change in color upon the passage of an electric current.

17703    ◆         electrochromic display     ◆         a passive solid-state display in which an electric field controls the characteristics of light transmission and light reflection.

17704    ◆         electrocratic       ◆         of or relating to a liquid colloidal suspension, maintained in equilibrium by the repulsion between insoluble solid particles that are positively or negatively charged.

17705    ◆         electrode admittance       ◆         the ratio of the alternating component of the current flowing through an electrode to the alternating component of electrode voltage.

17706    ◆         electrode capacitance      ◆         the capacitance between one electrode and a reference point, such as ground, another electrode, or all the other electrodes connected together.

17707    ◆         electrode characteristic    ◆         the relationship between the current flowing through an electrode and the electrode voltage; usually indicated by a graph.

17708    ◆         electrode conductance     ◆         the ratio of the DC current through an electrode to the DC voltage between that electrode and a reference terminal.

17709    ◆         electrode dark current     ◆         the generally weak current that flows through a photoconductive cell, such as a camera tube, when it is shut off. Also, DARK CURRENT.

17710    ◆         electrode dissipation       ◆         the power lost by an electrode in the form of heat when it is bombarded by electrons or ions.

17711    ◆         electrode drop    ◆         the decrease in voltage that occurs as a result of resistance in an electrode.

17712    ◆         electrode impedance       ◆         the ratio of the phasor representing the AC voltage of an electrode (relative to a reference terminal) to the phasor representing the AC current through that electrode.

17713    ◆         electrode inverse current  ◆         current that flows through an electrode in the direction opposite to that for which it was designed.

17714    ◆         electrode potential          ◆         the potential developed by a metal or other electrode material immersed in an electrolytic solution; usually related to the standard potential of the hydrogen electrode, which is established at zero. Also, ELECTRODE VOLTAGE.

17715    ◆         electrode resistance         ◆         the ratio of the DC voltage of an electrode (relative to a reference terminal) to the DC current through that electrode.

17716    ◆         electrode voltage ◆         the voltage between an electrode and a given point, such as the cathode of an electron tube or ground. Also, electrode potential.

17717    ◆         electrodecantation          ◆         a form of electrodialysis in which a three-part container is divided by two semipermeable membranes, with a positive electrode in one end chamber and a negative one in the other; ionic materials in the center chamber move to their respective electrodes through the membranes.

17718    ◆         ELECTRODELESS DISCHARGE LAMP            ◆         전극없는 방전등 : 원자흡수법 기기의 종류

17719    ◆         electrodeposition ◆         the deposit of a material, usually a metal or an alloy, at or on an electrode as a result of the passage of an electric current through a solution or suspension of the material.

17720    ◆         electrodialysis     ◆         a process in which an electric field transports ionized material through a membrane to separate it from other liquids or ions of opposite charge.

17721    ◆         Electrodialysis     ◆         A process that uses electrical current applied to permeable membranes to remove minerals from water. Often used to desalinize salty brackish water.

17722    ◆         ELECTRO-DIALYSIS          ◆         전기투석: 용액의 이온성분을 반투과성의 이온선택성 박막을 통하여 분리

17723    ◆         electrodialyzer    ◆         a device by which electrodialysis is performed; salt can be removed from seawater by means of such a device.

17724    ◆         electrodisintegration        ◆         a process in which a nucleus is split into two or more parts by bombarding it with electrons.

17725    ◆         electrodynamic   ◆         describing an acoustical device, such as a loudspeaker or microphone, that derives electroacoustic energy from the action of a current or the motion of a conductor in a magnetic field.

17726    ◆         electrodynamic drift        ◆         the motion of charged particles in the upper atmosphere, caused by the combined force of electric and magnetic fields.

17727    ◆         electrodynamics  ◆         the study of the relationships between electromagnetic and mechanical phenomena.

17728    ◆         electroelution     ◆         the separation and removal of a substance by means of an electrical charge, such as in the freeing of an enzyme from an absorbent.

17729    ◆         electroendosmosis          ◆         the migration, under the influence of an electric field, of the liquid phase of a colloidal solution toward an electrode. Also, ELECTROOSMOSIS.

17730    ◆         electroextraction ◆         the process of recovering metal from metallic salts using electrolysis.

17731    ◆         electrographic pencil       ◆         a device that produces conductive marks on paper; used for detection by a conductive-mark sensing device.

17732    ◆         electrogravimetry            ◆         a technique in which a suitable electrode is weighed before and after electrolysis to determine the amount of metal deposited on the electrode from the sample solution. Also, electrodeposition.

17733    ◆         electrojet           ◆         a narrow belt of intense electric current flowing through the lower ionosphere in the equatorial and polar regions that creates auroras.

17734    ◆         electrokinetic      ◆         relating to electrokinetics; having to do with electricity in motion.

17735    ◆         electrokinetic effects        ◆         the conditions associated with relative movement between a charged surface and an electrolytic solution; the surface is ordinarily either a solid particle suspended in the solution or the medium through which the solution flows. Also, electrokinetic phenomena.

17736    ◆         ELECTROKINETIC FORCES WITHIN FILTER            ◆         동전기력; 입상여재 여과지내에서 부유물질제거에 기여하는 메카니즘

17737    ◆         electrokinetic transducer  ◆         a device that converts dynamic physical forces into electric signals.

17738    ◆         electrokinetics    ◆         the study of the motion of electric charges.

17739    ◆         electroluminescence        ◆         ㆍ the emission of light by a phosphor or semiconductor that is excited by an electromagnetic field.the emission of light by a phosphor or semiconductor that is excited by an electromagnetic field. ㆍ the direct, nonthermal conversion of electrical energy into light energy in a liquid or solid.the direct, nonthermal conversion of electrical energy into light energy in a liquid or solid.

17740    ◆         electroluminescent display           ◆            a display device that presents data, usually in the form of numbers or letters, when alternating current is applied to its electroluminescent segments.

17741    ◆         electroluminescent panel ◆         a panel that produces a low-intensity light when an alternating current is applied to the phosphor centered between its two electrodes.

17742    ◆         electrolysis         ◆         a process in which the passage of an electric current through an electrolytic solution or other suitable medium produces a chemical reaction, such as that which occurs in a battery. Also, ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS.

17743    ◆         electrolyte          ◆         any liquid or solid substance that while in solution or in its pure state will conduct an electric current by means of the movement of ions; usually it is a solution of water and acids or metal salts. Also, BATTERY ELECTROLYTE.

17744    ◆         electrolytic         ◆         relating to, causing, or involving electrolysis.

17745    ◆         electrolytic analysis         ◆         a method of analysis based on determining the amount of chemical change that takes place at an electrode.

17746    ◆         electrolytic cell   ◆         an electrochemical cell in which the reactions are driven by the use of an external potential greater than the thermodynamic or reversible potential of the cell.

17747    ◆         electrolytic conductance   ◆         the movement of charged particles through a medium.

17748    ◆         electrolytic conductivity   ◆         the ability of charged particles to move through a medium.

17749    ◆         electrolytic dissociation    ◆         the ionization of a solute in solution.     : the breaking up of a neutral ionic compound into two or more oppositely charged ions, usually by the effect of dissolution.

17750    ◆         electrolytic grinding        ◆         a combined grinding and machining operation in which the abrasive cathodic grinding wheel is in contact with the anodic surface of an electrolyte; used with a metal-bonded and diamond-impregnated grinding wheel.

17751    ◆         electrolytic machining      ◆         an electrochemical process, similar to electroplating, in which the workpiece acts as an anode and the tool as a cathode.

17752    ◆         electrolytic mercaptan process      ◆            a procedure used to remove mercaptans from refinery streams by using an electrolytic solution.

17753    ◆         electrolytic model           ◆         a laboratory-model simulation of steady-state fluid flow through porous media found in a reservoir. Also, POTENTIOMETRIC MODEL, OIL-FIELD MODEL, GELATIN MODEL.

17754    ◆         electrolytic potential        ◆         the smallest difference in electronic energy between an electrolytic solution and an electrode that is immersed in the solution that will lead to the acceptance or donation of electrons.

17755    ◆         electrolytic recording       ◆         a document created by passing an electric current through a stylus onto chemically treated paper.

17756    ◆         ELECTROLYTIC RESPIROMETER      ◆            전기분해 호흡기; 전기분해 셀이 부착된 호흡기

17757    ◆         electrolytic separation      ◆         a process in which a charged electrode collects ions from a solution.

17758    ◆         electrolytic solution         ◆         a liquid that contains a solvent, usually water, and an associated ionic compound, such as an acid.

17759    ◆         electromachining ◆         the use of electric power to shape an object or remove material from a workpiece.

17760    ◆         electromagnetic cathode ray tube ◆            a cathode ray tube in which the beam of electrons produced in the tube's filament is deflected by a magnetic field.

17761    ◆         electromagnetic clutch     ◆         a friction clutch that operates by the action of electric power from a dynamo on a magnetic coupling between conductors.

17762    ◆         electromagnetic compatibility       ◆            the ability of radio equipment to operate efficiently in a given electromagnetic environment.

17763    ◆         electromagnetic current   ◆         the movement of charged particles in the atmosphere that give rise to electric and magnetic fields, such as those in the ionosphere that transmit radio signals.

17764    ◆         electromagnetic deflection           ◆            the use of a magnetic field or external horizontal- and vertical-deflection coils to deflect an electron beam in a television picture tube or an oscilloscope.

17765    ◆         electromagnetic disturbance         ◆            a random or periodic electromagnetic phenomenon that is superimposed on a desired signal.

17766    ◆         electromagnetic field tensor         ◆            an antisymmetric second-rank tensor whose elements are proportional to the electric and magnetic fields.

17767    ◆         electromagnetic focusing ◆         a method of adjusting the electron beam in a television picture tube by varying the direct current flowing through the coils attached to the tube, thus altering the surrounding magnetic field.

17768    ◆         Electromagnetic Geophysical Methods            ◆         Ways to measure subsurface conductivity via low-frequency electromagnetic induction.

17769    ◆         electromagnetic induction            ◆            the generation of an electromotive force by changing the magnetic flux through a closed loop circuit or by moving a conductor across the magnetic field.

17770    ◆         electromagnetic inertia    ◆         the characteristic delay of response in an electric circuit as it reaches its maximum or zero value after the source voltage is applied or removed.

17771    ◆         electromagnetic lens       ◆         a device in which the magnetic field surrounding a coil forces an electron beam passing through the coil to refract in a manner similar to light passing through an optical lens.

17772    ◆         electromagnetic mass      ◆         the mass of a moving charge whose kinetic energy appears to account for the discrepancy between the total field energy and the field energy of a purely static electric field.

17773    ◆         electromagnetic oscillograph        ◆            an oscillograph that records signal waveforms by means of a moving-coil galvanometer.

17774    ◆         electromagnetic pump     ◆         a device that moves conductive liquid through a pipe by sending current through the liquid; used in a nuclear reactor cooling system for liquid alkali metal circulation.

17775    ◆         ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION    ◆            전자기복사

17776    ◆         electromagnetic reconnaissance    ◆            ㆍ the process of locating electromagnetic radiation devices, such as radar or missile-guidance systems, operated by hostile forces.the process of locating electromagnetic radiation devices, such as radar or missile-guidance systems, operated by hostile forces. ㆍ the use of electromagnetic equipment to locate enemy activity in a particular region.the use of electromagnetic equipment to locate enemy activity in a particular region.

17777    ◆         electromagnetic spectrum            ◆            the total range of the frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, ranging from the longest radio waves to the shortest cosmic rays.

17778    ◆         electromagnetic wave      ◆         a wave generated by the oscillation of a charged particle and characterized by periodic variations of electric and magnetic fields.

17779    ◆         ELECTRO-MAGNETIC WAVE          ◆            전자파

17780    ◆         ELECTROMAGNETRIC RADIATION  ◆            전자기 복사선 : 대단히 빠른 속도로 공간을 통하여 전파하는 에너지의 한 형태

17781    ◆         electromechanical           ◆         of a mechanical device, system, or process, actuated or controlled by electromagnetism or electrostatics.

17782    ◆         electromechanical brake   ◆         a brake whose force is obtained partly as a result of the attraction of two magnetized surfaces and partly by mechanical means.

17783    ◆         electromechanical dialer  ◆         a device on a telephone that activates a group of precoded numbers when a user presses a button.

17784    ◆         electromechanical recording         ◆            a document created by varying the signal of electric current flowing through a stylus moving across a sheet of paper.

17785    ◆         electromechanical transducer       ◆            a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy or vice versa.

17786    ◆         electromechanics ◆         the science and technology of electromechanical devices, systems, or processes.

17787    ◆         electrometer amplifier     ◆         an amplifier circuit characterized by low-current drift and input-current offsets, and adequate power and current sensitivities, such that it is capable of measuring extremely low current variations in a circuit.

17788    ◆         electrometer tube           ◆         a component in an electrometer that has a high input impedance and low control-electrode conductance, facilitating the measurement of extremely low direct current or voltage.

17789    ◆         electromotion     ◆         the mechanical force produced by an electric current.

17790    ◆         electromotive     ◆         relating to or producing an electric current.

17791    ◆         electromotive force         ◆         ㆍ the amount of energy supplied by an electric current passing through a given source, as measured in volts.the amount of energy supplied by an electric current passing through a given source, as measured in volts. ㆍ the potential energy difference existing between an anode and cathode that are immersed in the same electrolytic solution, or that otherwise adjoin each other.the potential energy difference existing between an anode and cathode that are immersed in the same electrolytic solution, or that otherwise adjoin each other.

17792    ◆         ELECTRON ACCEPTOR     ◆         전자수용체

17793    ◆         electron beam    ◆         a stream of electrons emitted from the same source and traveling under the influence of an electric or magnetic field in the same direction and at approximately the same speed.

17794    ◆         electron capture detector ◆         a device used in gas chromatography, in which carrier gas molecules flowing through the ionization chamber are radiated and low-energy electrons are formed; certain compounds entering the chamber have an affinity for these electrons, and this decrease in electrons is recorded for component identification.

17795    ◆         electron coupler ◆         a device that increases the power of a microwave tube by subjecting its electron beam to alternating periods of acceleration and retardation. Also, CUCCIA COUPLER.

17796    ◆         electron coupling            ◆         a process by which two circuits within an electron tube transfer energy generated by the electron stream passing between the electrodes of one of the circuits.

17797    ◆         electron cyclotron resonance source            ◆         a source of multiply charged heavy ions that uses microwave power to increase electron energy to extremely high levels in two magnetic-mirror confinement chambers connected in series.

17798    ◆         electron device   ◆         a device whose operation involves the motion of electrical charge carriers in a vacuum, gas, or semiconductor.

17799    ◆         ELECTRON DONOR         ◆         전자공여체

17800    ◆         electron emission            ◆         the release of electrons from a given material into the surrounding space; may be caused by heat, light, impact, chemical disintegration, or an electric field.