환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 17401-17500

환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 17401-17500

번호                  용어                  해설

17401    ◆         duty cycle          ◆         the ratio of the on period of a pulse to the total pulse period.  Nucleonics. the fraction of time that a useful beam is available at full power in a particle accelerator.  Telecommunications. the daily schedule of a radio transmission station.

17402    ◆         Duty Cycle (가동 사이클 ) ◆         풀의 원 사이클 시간에 대한, 기기가 가동될 시간의 비율. 여기서 풀의 원 사이클이란, 기기가 가동하고 있을 시간과 기기가 정지하고 있을 시간의 합계임. 가동 사이클은, 풀의 온 타임과 풀 오프 타임의 합계(원사이클)을100%로서 계산한 가동 시간의 비율로서 통상 표현된다.

17403    ◆         duty of solidarity ◆         연대 책임

17404    ◆         duty of water     ◆         the relationship between the quantity of water used in irrigating an area and the size of the area or the amount of crops produced there.

17405    ◆         duty ratio          ◆         ㆍ the ratio of the time an intermittently operating device is working to the total time available.the ratio of the time an intermittently operating device is working to the total time available. ㆍ the ratio of average to peak power in a pulsed system.the ratio of average to peak power in a pulsed system.

17406    ◆         DWCDs  ◆         Drinking Water Criteria Documents

17407    ◆         DWEL    ◆         Drinking Water Equivalent Level

17408    ◆         DWS     ◆         Drinking Water Standard

17409    ◆         DWSRF  ◆         Drinking Water State Revolving Fund

17410    ◆         dyeing   ◆         the process of applying a color-producing agent to a material.

17411    ◆         dynamic ◆         of or relating to the science of dynamics.

17412    ◆         dynamic balance ◆         a running balance in a rotating system, such that the system rotates with no tendency to wobble; it occurs when the axis of forced rotation coincides with a principal axis.

17413    ◆         dynamic braking ◆         the slowing of a mechanism by using its motor as a generator to convert kinetic energy into electricity or heat. Unlike that in regenerative braking, energy is dissipated without reuse.

17414    ◆         dynamic circuit   ◆         a high-speed metal-oxide semiconductor circuit whose high input impedance contributes to its fast operation.

17415    ◆         dynamic convergence      ◆         a condition in which the three electron beams of a color picture tube come together as they are swept vertically and horizontally over the face of the screen by the deflection circuits.

17416    ◆         dynamic creep    ◆         creep produced by fluctuating stress in a material.

17417    ◆         dynamic equilibrium        ◆         the condition of a system in which it is either at rest or moving at a constant velocity with no linear or rotational accleration; thus, the net force on the system is equal to zero. Also, KINETIC EQUILIBRIUM.

17418    ◆         dynamic error     ◆         an error in the varying output signal of a transducer caused by its inadequate dynamic response.

17419    ◆         dynamic focusing           ◆         the automatic and continuous varying of the focus signal for a color picture tube to compensate for the tendency of the electron beams to defocus as they sweep over the flat surface of the screen.

17420    ◆         dynamic height   ◆         the distance above the geoid of points on the same equipotential surface, as measured from sea level in terms of linear units measured along a plumb line at a given latitude.

17421    ◆         dynamic holdup  ◆         the liquid held in a tank or process vessel, in which a constant flow of new material offsets withdrawal of the held material to maintain a constant liquid level.

17422    ◆         DYNAMIC IL       ◆         동적 삽입손실치 : DIL, 정격유속 조건하에서 측정하는 것을 제와한 삽입손실치와 같은 정의임

17423    ◆         DYNAMIC INSERTION LOSS          ◆            동적삽입손실치; 격 유속 조건하에서 측정하는 것

17424    ◆         dynamic level     ◆         the location of the liquid surface when a well is producing oil. Also, PUMPING LEVEL.

17425    ◆         dynamic membrane (다이나믹막 ) ◆            여과의 과정에 있어서, 용액중에 포함되는 물질에 의해 다공질지지체상에 형성되고, 분리 기능을 가지는 막.

17426    ◆         DYNAMIC MICROPHONE ◆         다아니믹 마이크로폰 : 진동막에 붙은 코일을 이용. 음압에 따라 코일이 움직이면 코일에 기전력이 발생하는 마이크로폰

17427    ◆         dynamic noise suppressor            ◆            an audio-frequency filter circuit that suppresses noise dynamically by reducing the low- and high-frequency bands when noise becomes significant.

17428    ◆         dynamic nuclear polarization        ◆            the arrangement of groups of nuclei so as to align their (normally random) spin axes in the same direction.

17429    ◆         dynamic pickup  ◆         a phonograph transducer in which the motion of a stylus in the groove of the phonograph record causes a conductor to vibrate within a magnetic field, producing an electrical output signal. Also, dynamic reproducer.

17430    ◆         dynamic plate impedance/resistanc            ◆         the dynamic-state internal ac resistance between cathode and plate in a vacuum tube; computed by dividing the change in plate voltage by the resulting change in plate current, with other electrode voltages held constant. Also, AC PLATE RESISTANCE. e

17431    ◆         dynamic positioning        ◆         a system that uses propulsion units controlled by computers to keep a floating offshore- drilling rig in the correct position over the well.

17432    ◆         dynamic range   ◆         the range in signal amplitude over which a communication receiver or audio amplifier is capable of operating while producing an acceptable output; usually expressed in decibels.

17433    ◆         dynamic regulator           ◆         a transmission regulator that continuously monitors output voltage or current and immediately responds to a change in output voltage by producing an equal and opposite correction.

17434    ◆         DYNAMIC SHAPE FACTOR            ◆            역학적 형상계수

17435    ◆         dynamic similarity           ◆         the condition that two systems, such as a real system and a model of it, behave in a similar manner, except for a difference of scale; this requires that all forces and masses be scaled appropriately. If a scale model operates at a speed exactly proportional to that of a full-size prototype, then resistance, density, length, and velocity are related as follows: R1/R2 = d1l12v12/d2l22v2ㆍ

17436    ◆         dynamic stability ◆         the property of a system such that, when it is slightly perturbed from a state of steady motion, it will return to that state.

17437    ◆         dynamic unbalance         ◆         in a rotating machine, an imbalance that occurs along a single axial plane and on opposite sides of a rotating axis, or in two axial planes, arising from inertia on the rotating plane and forces in a single axial or differing axial planes; coincides with the value of a rotation axis, which may or may not coincide with the center of gravity.

17438    ◆         dynamic variable ◆         a variable describing the state of a mechanical system that changes with time.

17439    ◆         DYNAMIC VISCOSITY       ◆         점성계수; 접선방향 힘 또는 전단응력에 대한 저항의 크기

17440    ◆         DYNAMIC VISCOSITY COEFFICIENT            ◆         동점성계수

17441    ◆         dynamical diffraction       ◆            diffraction theory in which the modification of the primary beam on passage through the crystal is important. The mutual interactions of the incident and scattered beams are taken into account; this is important for perfect crystals and for electron diffraction by crystals.

17442    ◆         dynamics           ◆         the field ofMechanics that deals with the study of motion and of the forces that bring about this motion.

17443    ◆         dynamo ◆         an electric generator, especially one designed for direct current.

17444    ◆         dynamo effect    ◆         a process in which an induced current is produced in the geomagnetic field by the wind moving ions in the atmosphere.

17445    ◆         dynamo theory   ◆         a theory stating that daily variations in the earth's magnetic field are caused by the tidal movement of ionized air across the magnetic field, producing electrical currents in the lower ionosphere.

17446    ◆         dynamotor         ◆         a rotating electrical machine with two or more windings on a single armature containing a commutator for DC operation and slip rings for AC operation; used primarily as an inverter to convert DC to AC.

17447    ◆         dynatron            ◆         an electron tube, typically a tetrode, that exhibits a negative resistance effect between cathode and plate such that, within a certain operating range, plate current decreases as plate voltage is increased. Also, NEGATRON.

17448    ◆         dynatron oscillator          ◆         an oscillator circuit that depends for its operation on the negative resistance effect of a dynatron.

17449    ◆         dynode  ◆         an electrode that is coated with an electron-emitting surface and positioned to maximize the effects of secondary emission.

17450    ◆         dysprosium        ◆         a metallic element having the symbol Dy, the atomic number 66, an atomic weight of 16ㆍ50, a melting point of 1410°C, and a boiling point of 2580°C; a highly magnetic rare-earth (lanthanide) metal used to measure neutron fluxes and in lasers, phosphors, and reactor fuels. (From a Greek word meaning hard to get at; so named in 1886 by its discoverer, the French chemist Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran.)

17451    ◆         dystetic mixture  ◆         the type of mixture that results when different substances are mixed in such a way as to produce the highest melting point possible.

17452    ◆         Dystrophic Lakes ◆         Acidic, shallow bodies of water that contain much humus and/or other organic matter; contain many plants but few fish.

17453    ◆         E display            ◆         a rectangular radar display in which targets appear as intensity-modulated spots, with their range as the horizontal coordinate and their elevation as the vertical coordinate. Also, E SCAN, E INDICATOR.

17454    ◆         E layer   ◆         a layer in the earth's atmosphere, occurring at 100 to 120 km above sea level, in which short-wave radio waves are reflected and temperature increases with increasing altitude.

17455    ◆         E scope ◆         a radarscope that produces an E display.

17456    ◆         EA        ◆         환경감시  environmental auditing

17457    ◆         EA        ◆         Endangerment Assessment; Enforcement Agreement; Environmental Action; Environmental Assessment; Environmental Audit

17458    ◆         EAERE   ◆         European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists

17459    ◆         EAF       ◆         Electric Arc Furnaces

17460    ◆         EAG      ◆         Exposure Assessment Group

17461    ◆         EANET(Acid Deposition Monitoring NETwork in East Asia)      ◆         동아시아 산성비 모니터링 네트웍        EANET는 동아시아지역의 국가간 산성강하물질 모니터링 네트워크이다. EANET은 과학적 평가기법, 자원 등의 면에서 현재 규정된 EANET의 역할을 수행하기에는 호조건의 독립변수로 구성되어 있으며, 문제 이해도 제고, 이행/목표 달성, 자원투입 등에서 높은 유효성이 있는 것으로 평가됨.

17462    ◆         EAP       ◆         Environmental Action Plan

17463    ◆         EAPS     ◆         제품표준의 환경적 측면  Environmental aspects in product standard

17464    ◆         EAR      ◆         Environmental Auditing Roundtable

17465    ◆         early detection system     ◆         조기탐지체계

17466    ◆         Earth Charter     ◆         지구헌장

17467    ◆         earth movement ◆         any motion of the earth, including revolutions around the sun, rotation on its axis, and movement of the crust in relation to the mantle.

17468    ◆         earth oscillation  ◆         any periodic fluctuation of the earth, its oceans, or its atmosphere

17469    ◆         EARTH PLEDGE   ◆         지구환경서약 : 지구에 사는 모든 사람들에게 현재와 미래세대를 위해 지구의 안전과 편안한 안식처를 만들도록 그들의 최선을 다해햐 한다는 사실을 알려주는 기회를 제공하고자 하는 서약문

17470    ◆         Earth System Science       ◆         지구 시스템 과학

17471    ◆         earth tide          ◆         the periodic movements of the earth's crust caused by the gravitational pull of either the sun or the moon.

17472    ◆         earth-current storm         ◆         any variable fluctuations in an earth-current in the earth's crust; they can be as large as several volts per km.

17473    ◆         earth-layer propagation   ◆         the transmission of electromagnetic waves through the layers of the earth or its atmosphere.

17474    ◆         earthmover        ◆         any of various large vehicles, such as a bulldozer, used to excavate and transport earth.

17475    ◆         earthquake         ◆         a movement or trembling of the earth caused by a sudden release of stresses within, usually less than 25 miles below the surface; major earthquakes cause significant damage.

17476    ◆         earthquake focus            ◆         the specific point within the earth from which an earthquake originates.

17477    ◆         earthquake magnitude     ◆         a measure of an earthquake's strength or the quantity of strain energy it releases, based on seismographic data.

17478    ◆         earthquake swarm          ◆         a series of minor earthquakes that occur in a limited area and time, and that are not identified with a major earthquake.

17479    ◆         EARTHWORK      ◆         토공

17480    ◆         EASI      ◆         Environmental Alliance for Senior Involvement

17481    ◆         EASOE   ◆         유럽 북극성층권 오존탐사   European arctic stratospheric ozone expedition

17482    ◆         Easter-egging     ◆         a method for inspecting electronic equipment in which no particular system or procedure is followed, not unlike the approach taken by children on an Easter egg hunt.

17483    ◆         EB         ◆         Emissions Balancing

17484    ◆         EBCT, =Empty bed contact time    ◆            공상 접촉시간; 입상활성탄상안에서 물질이동대가 완전히 만들어지는 접촉시간

17485    ◆         ebullating-bed reactor     ◆         a kind of fluidized bed in which catalyst particles are suspended by the upward movement of the liquid.

17486    ◆         ebulliometer       ◆         an instrument that measures the precise boiling points of solutions. Also, ebullioscope.

17487    ◆         ebulliometry       ◆         a method for the precise measurement of a solution's boiling point. Also, ebullioscopy.

17488    ◆         EC        ◆         지구환경 관련 NGOs  earth council

17489    ◆         EC        ◆         Emulsifiable Concentrate; Environment Canada; Effective Concentration

17490    ◆         EC (European Commission, 유럽위원회)            ◆         공식적으로는 the Commission of the European Communities 라고 하며 유럽연합의 행정부 역할을 함. 법안을 제안하고, 의결사항을 집행하며 유럽연합이 체결한 조약을 이행하며, 연합을 운영하는 역할을 함

17491    ◆         EC6차 수정[EC Sixth amendments] ◆            위험물질의 식별과 그 포장, 표시규제에 관한 가맹제국의 법률의 근사화에 관한 EC이사회지령의 6차수정 (council directive of 18 september 199amending for the sixth time direetive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances)의 것. 1979년 9월 18일 EC이사회에서 제출된 6차 수정판의 지령으로 가맹각국은 새로이 시장에 내는 일반화학물질에 의한 사람 및 환경에 미치는 위험성을 사전에 방지코저 가맹각국에 있어 상시된다. 사람 및 환경에 대한 위험한 물질의 식별과 그 포장, 표시에 관한 법률, 규정을 1981년 9월까지 그 지령내용에 따라 재정화하는 것을 구한 것이다. 특징으로는 상시된 화학물질의 양에 의하여 제출할 안전성의 범위가 넓고 깊게 된 것이다.

17492    ◆         ECA      ◆         Economic Community for Africa

17493    ◆         ECAP     ◆         Employee Counselling and Assistance Program

17494    ◆         ECCP (European Climate Change Program)            ◆         유럽 기후변화프로그램. ECCP는 온실가스 배출 저감, 재생가능에너지에 의한 전력생산, 폐기물 매립가스 관리, 배출권 거래, 생물연료(biofuel) 보급, 열병합발전 촉진 등을 내용으로 한다.

17495    ◆         ECCS·긴급노심냉각장치    ◆         원자력발전소의 배관 파손, 단절 등으로 냉각재가 유출될 경우에 보조 냉각재를 투입하여 노심이 고온 되는 것을 방지한다. 이에 대하여 사고시에 원자로의 핵분열 연쇄반응자체를 정지시키는 것은 스크럼(긴급 노심정지계)이라는 별도 기구에 의한다. 따라서 중대사고가 일어나면 스크럼이 잘 작동하느냐 마느냐가 첫번째 문제이지만, 작동한다 하여도 축적된 '죽음의 재'로 노심에서는 계속 발열되므로 냉각은 불가결한 것이다. 드리마일 섬 원자력발전소 사고도 ECCS가 사고 발생 13초 후에 작동되었으나, 그후 냉각불능으로 노심 용융이라는 대참사에 이르렀다. 경수로에는 대구경의 배관파열로 압력이 급속히 저하될 경우에 작동하는 저압 주입계와 소구경 파열같이 고압시에 작동하는 고압 주입계 등이 있어 상온의 냉수를 주입하게 되어 있다. 그러나 과연 적절하게 주수가 이루어질 것인가, 주수가 이루어져도 증기가 가득한 속에서 기대만큼 냉각작용을 발휘할 수 있는가, 냉수를 급격히 주입한 충격으로 압력용기 자체가 파괴되는 것이 아닌가(이 경우에 냉각은 이미 불가능하다) 등등 그 유효성에 많은 의문이 제기되고 있다.

17496    ◆         ECD      ◆         Electron Capture Detector

17497    ◆         ECD, ELECTRON CAPTURE DETECTOR            ◆         전자포획형 검출기

17498    ◆         ECETOC ◆         유럽화학, 생태학, 유독물질 센타  European chemical industry, ecology ＆ toxicology center

17499    ◆         ECG      ◆         생태계 보존 그룹 NGOs   ecosystem conservation group

17500    ◆         ECHH    ◆         Electro-Catalytic Hyper-Heaters