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놀면서 일하기/♣ goBLUEgoGREEN

윈드캐처(말카프)를 이용한 자연 환기 원리

by 리치캣 2025. 7. 22.
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자연환기...

더운 태국에서 살면서 자주 생각하는 분야다

내가 살고 있는 무반. 즉 일반주택은 2층 침실이 있는 곳은 낮이 되면...태양열에 의해 뜨거워진다. 

그래서 보통 1층에 컴퓨터가 있는 곳에서 선풍기와 에어컨을 틀고서...지내는데.. 이때 환기가 되어야 아래의 열기가 위로 올라가면서 빠져나가게 되는데... 에어컨 바람의 냉기가 빠져나가는 것을 막으려고 블라인드가 되어 있다.

즉 뜨거운 공기가 위로 빠져나가지 못하고... 오로지 에어컨으로 식히고 있는 구조이다.  음... 고민중...

 

지구의 친환경이 건축분야에 있어 여러형태로 일반화가 되었으면 한다. 

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윈드캐처(전통 건축에서는 "말카프"라고도 함)를 이용한 자연 환기 원리입니다. 윈드캐처가 공기를 포집하는 기본적인 개념과 더 큰 건물 환기 시스템의 일부로서 기능하는 방식을 보여줍니다.
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(a) 부분: 윈드캐처 설계
이 섹션에서는 윈드캐처 상단의 세 가지 설계를 보여줍니다. 파란색 화살표는 공기 흐름 방향을 나타냅니다. 평면, 각진 형태 또는 곡선 형태 등 구체적인 모양에 관계없이 기본적인 목적은 동일합니다.
• 바람 포집: 개구부는 우세풍을 향하여 움직이는 공기를 "포집"합니다.
• 공기를 아래로 향하게 함: 이 구조는 포집된 신선한 공기를 건물 내부로 아래로 흐르도록 설계되었습니다.
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(b): 건물 환기 시스템
이 2층 건물의 단면도는 윈드캐처가 다른 자연 환기 원리와 어떻게 통합되는지 보여줍니다.
• 풍력 환기: 신선하고 차가운 공기(파란색 화살표)가 바람이 부는 쪽(바람이 부는 쪽)의 창문을 통해 건물로 유입됩니다.
• 연돌 효과: 이 공기가 건물을 통과하면서 거주자, 조명, 장비에서 열을 흡수합니다. 이로 인해 공기는 더 따뜻해지고 밀도가 낮아져 상승하는 따뜻한 공기 기둥(빨간색 화살표)을 형성합니다.
• 윈드캐처를 통한 배출: 윈드캐처는 상승하는 따뜻한 공기를 배출하기 위해 전략적으로 배치됩니다. 바람이 윈드캐처 상단을 지나면서 바람이 부는 쪽(바람이 닿지 않는 쪽)에 음압(-) 영역이 생성됩니다. 이 저압 영역은 따뜻하고 탁한 공기를 효과적으로 빨아들여 건물 밖으로 배출합니다. 동시에, 캐처의 바람이 불어오는 쪽은 양압(+압력)을 받게 되는데, 이는 일부 설계에서 신선한 공기의 하향 흐름을 향상시킵니다(여기서는 주로 배기로 표현됩니다).
바람에 의한 환기와 굴뚝 효과의 이러한 조합은 기계 시스템에 의존하지 않고도 건물을 시원하게 하고 실내 공기질을 개선하는 지속적이고 자연스러운 기류 순환을 생성합니다.
#DIY #더 알아보기 #유용한 #당신을 위한 #탐색 #트렌딩 #도움이 되는 #필수

The principles of natural ventilation using a wind catcher (also known as a "Malqaf" in traditional architecture). It shows both the basic concept of how wind catchers capture air and how they function as part of a larger building ventilation system.
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Part (a): Wind Catcher Designs
This section displays three different designs for the top of a wind catcher. The blue arrows show the direction of airflow. Regardless of the specific shape—be it flat, angled, or curved—the fundamental purpose is the same:
• Capture Wind: The openings are oriented towards the prevailing wind to "catch" the moving air.
• Direct Air Downwards: The structure is designed to funnel the captured fresh air down into the building's interior.
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Part (b): Building Ventilation System
This cross-section of a two-story building demonstrates how a wind catcher integrates with other natural ventilation principles:
• Wind-Driven Ventilation: Fresh, cool air (blue arrows) enters the building through windows on the windward side (the side facing the wind).
• Stack Effect: As this air moves through the building, it picks up heat from occupants, lights, and equipment. This causes the air to become warmer and less dense, creating a column of rising warm air (red arrows).
• Exhaust through Wind Catcher: The wind catcher is strategically placed to exhaust this rising warm air. As wind flows over the top of the wind catcher, it creates an area of negative pressure (- pressure) on the leeward side (the side sheltered from the wind). This low-pressure zone effectively sucks the warm, stale air up and out of the building. Simultaneously, the windward side of the catcher experiences positive pressure (+ pressure), which enhances the downward flow of fresh air in some designs (though here it's primarily shown as an exhaust).
This combination of wind-driven ventilation and the stack effect creates a continuous, natural airflow cycle that cools the building and improves indoor air quality without relying on mechanical systems.
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