환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 23001-23100

환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 23001-23100

번호                  용어                  해설

23001    ◆         microwave attenuator      ◆         a waveguide device that is used to reduce the intensity of transmitted microwaves by means of absorbing a portion of the microwave energy in a lossy material.

23002    ◆         microwave detector         ◆         an electronic device that can locate radio waves in the frequency range of 1000 megacycles and upward; it reacts to the presence of microwaves by changing its resistance or some other parameter.

23003    ◆         microwave device           ◆         any electronic device that can transmit or receive microwaves.

23004    ◆         microwave integrated circuit         ◆            an integrated circuit designed for use in microwave frequencies. Also, MIC.

23005    ◆         microwave optics            ◆         the study and application of principles common to both microwave and optical phenomena.

23006    ◆         microwave reflectometer  ◆         a device used to measure the forward and reflected power from a discontinuity in a wave- guide; consists of two coupling detectors mounted on either side of the waveguide.

23007    ◆         microwave solid-state device        ◆            a semiconductor device used to generate or amplify electromagnetic energy at microwave frequencies.

23008    ◆         microwave tube  ◆         an electron tube, such as a klystron or magnetron, that generates wavelengths in the 30 centimeters to 0.3 centimeter range.

23009    ◆         middle-ultraviolet lamp    ◆         a mercury-vapor lamp, such as a sunlamp, that produces radiation in the wavelength band of 2800-3200 angstrom units.

23010    ◆         mid-frequency gain         ◆         the gain of an amplifier at the frequency corresponding to the maximum of its frequency response curve.

23011    ◆         MID-LATITUDE LOW PRESSURE BELT            ◆         적도수렴대

23012    ◆         migration           ◆         the movement of charged particles through an electrolytic medium under the influence of an electric field.  Solid-State Physics. the movement of defects in a crystal due to thermal, mechanical, or electrical influences.

23013    ◆         migration current            ◆         a current that is produced when positively charged ions (cations) migrate to the surface of an anode.

23014    ◆         mileage ◆         the number, or the average number, of miles that a motor vehicle can travel on a certain quantity of fuel.

23015    ◆         Miller bridge      ◆         a bridge circuit that measures the amplification factors of vacuum tubes.

23016    ◆         Miller code        ◆         an internal electrical-pulse coding system for binary representation.

23017    ◆         Miller effect       ◆         in a vacuum tube, the increase in the effective grid-cathode capacitance due to the charge induced electrostatically on the grid by the anode through the grid-anode capacitance.

23018    ◆         Miller indices     ◆         the plane with Miller indices h, k, and l makes intercepts a/h, b/k, and c/l with the unit-cell axes a, b, and c. The law of rational indices states that the indices of the faces of a crystal are usually small integers, seldom greater than three.

23019    ◆         Miller integrator ◆         a capacitor integrator that uses capacitance produced by the Miller effect.

23020    ◆         millibarn            ◆         a unit of measure equal to one-thousandth of a barn.

23021    ◆         Millikan meter    ◆         an integrating ionization chamber; used for cosmic ray measurements.

23022    ◆         milling   ◆         ㆍ the act or process of producing plane or shaped surfaces by the use of a milling machine.the act or process of producing plane or shaped surfaces by the use of a milling machine. ㆍ the mechanical treating of solid materials, such as grain, to produce a powder.the mechanical treating of solid materials, such as grain, to produce a powder.

23023    ◆         milling machine  ◆         ㆍ a machine tool that shapes workpieces by passing them through the periphery of a milling cutter. Also, MILLER.a machine tool that shapes workpieces by passing them through the periphery of a milling cutter. Also, MILLER. ㆍ a mobile grinding apparatus used to trim the edge of a paved surface and remove excess material.a mobile grinding apparatus used to trim the edge of a paved surface and remove excess material.

23024    ◆         milling planer     ◆         a planer that uses a rotary cutter rather than single point tools.

23025    ◆         Millington-Sette equation ◆         an equation in which the reverberation time of sound in a chamber is calculated by the formula t = 60V/(ㆍ086c -  Siln (1 - ), where V is the room volume, Si is the room surface area, c is the sound velocity, and  is the theoretical decay rate. Also, Millington reverberation formula.

23026    ◆         Million-Gallons Per Day (MGD)     ◆            A measure of water flow.

23027    ◆         Millipore filter    ◆         a filter with holes ranging from 0.005 to 8 micrometers; often used when presterilizing equipment.

23028    ◆         MILLS-REINCKE   ◆         라이네케 현상; 물의 여과급수에 따라 장티푸스 등의 소화기계 전염병에 의한 사망률 뿐만이 아니고 기타 일반 사망률도 현저히 감소하게 되는 현상

23029    ◆         mimetic ◆         of or relating to the inclination of a crystal to copy itself, as the inclination to twin.  Petrology. of or relating to a tectonite characterized by a deformation fabric that reflects and is influenced by a preexisting anisotropic structure.  Zoology. describing a species that attacks another species.

23030    ◆         mimetic twin      ◆         a twinned crystal that mimics the symmetry of a higher system.

23031    ◆         MINERALIZATION            ◆         유기물이 완전히 무기물질로 바뀌는 과정

23032    ◆         mini cells           ◆         a small piece of protoplasm derived from a cell that contains less than the haploid number of chromosomes.

23033    ◆         miniature electron tube   ◆         a small electron tube whose electrode leads project through the glass bottom in positions corresponding to those of the pins in a 7- or 9-pin base.

23034    ◆         miniaturization   ◆         the process of compacting the physical size of a system, package, or component without decreasing its performance or efficiency.

23035    ◆         Minimization      ◆         A comprehensive program to minimize or eliminate wastes, usually applied to wastes at their point of origin. (See: waste minimization.)

23036    ◆         MINIMUM  FLOWRATE    ◆         최소유량

23037    ◆         MINIMUM DAILY FLOW   ◆         일최소유량;

23038    ◆         minimum discernible signal          ◆            the input signal with the smallest amplitude that can be detected by a receiver and produced as a discernible output signal.

23039    ◆         MINIMUM HOUR FLOW RATE       ◆            시간최소유량;

23040    ◆         MINIMUM HOURLY FLOW            ◆            시간최소유량;

23041    ◆         minimum inhibitory concentration ◆            the lowest possible concentration of an antibiotic in a dilution series that shows no growth of the test organism after incubation for a set time and temperature.

23042    ◆         Minimum mean cell residence time            ◆         최소 세포 평균 체류시간 ; 실제적으로 미생물이 씻겨나가는 체류시간 또는 반응조내에서 미생물이 재성장보다 유출이 빠른 체류시간을 말함

23043    ◆         MINIMUM PREMARKING SET DATA            ◆         최소안전성 평가시험 데이터

23044    ◆         minimum reflux ratio      ◆         the ratio of the reflux flow rate to the vapor flow rate that will result in the number of theoretical plates approaching infinity for a given distillation.

23045    ◆         Minimum saturated permeability   ◆            최소포화 투수능;

23046    ◆         minimum signal level      ◆         in a facsimile system, the level corresponding to the lowest signal amplitude of either copy white or copy black.

23047    ◆         minimum wetting rate     ◆         the minimum liquid flow rate necessary to maintain a wetted vertical surface.

23048    ◆         minimum-loss attenuator ◆         an attenuator matching two unequal resistive impedances with minimum power loss to the signal. Also, minimum-loss pad.

23049    ◆         minimum-loss matching  ◆         the process of using a resistive circuit as a transducer to achieve matching to a source and load impedance at its input and output terminals, respectively, causing the minimum possible power loss. The transducer is an L network (q.v.) of two resistors.

23050    ◆         Mining of an Aquifer       ◆            Withdrawal over a period of time of ground water that exceeds the rate of recharge of the aquifer.

23051    ◆         Mining Waste     ◆         Residues resulting from the extraction of raw materials from the earth.

23052    ◆         minitrack           ◆         a ground-based system for tracking satellites using interferometers. Also, minitrack radio.

23053    ◆         minivan ◆         a type of passenger vehicle, larger than a station wagon but smaller than a conventional van, typically with seats for six to eight people.

23054    ◆         minor chord       ◆         a chord having a minor third interval between the root and the next note above it.

23055    ◆         Minor Source     ◆         New emissions sources or modifications to existing emissions sources that do not exceed NAAQS emission levels.

23056    ◆         minority carrier   ◆         the type of charge carrier, electron or hole, that is present at low concentration in addition to the preponderant majority carriers; the holes are the minority carriers in an N-type semiconductor, and the electrons are the minority carriers in a P-type semiconductor.

23057    ◆         minority emitter  ◆         an electrode from which minority carriers flow into the interelectrode region of a transistor.

23058    ◆         Minors  ◆         Publicly owned treatment works with flows less than 1 million gallons per day. (See: majors.)

23059    ◆         Mirex and Chlordecone   ◆         mirex와 chlordecone은 두 개로 분리되지만, 화학적으로는 유사하고 자연적인 환경에서는 생성되지 않는다. Mirex는 흰색의 결정체이고, chlordecone은 황갈색 결정체이다. 두 화학물질은 무색이다.        mirex와 chlordecone는 1978년 이후로 미국에서 제조 및 사용이 금지되었다. Mirex는 불개미를 죽이는 살충제로 사용되며, 1959년부터 1972년까지 플라스틱, 고무, 페인트, 종이, 전자제품 등의 방염제로 사용되었다. Chlordecone은 담배, 관목, 바나나, 감귤나무 등의 살충제와 개미, 바퀴벌레 등을 죽이는데 사용된다. Mirex는 Dechlorane이라는 무역명을 가진 방염제이며 chlordecone 또한 Kepone이라는 무역명을 가지고 있다. 무역명의 사용은 확인을 위한 것이지 독성물질과 질병 등록을 위한 에이전시(Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) 또는 미국의 보건복지부(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services) 등의 승인을 증명하는 것은 아니다.        ATSDRIC@cdc.gov

23060    ◆         mirror nuclei      ◆         a pair of nuclei that differ only in the number of protons and neutrons, so that each would be transformed into the other simply by changing its protons into neutrons or vice versa.

23061    ◆         mirror plane       ◆         a symmetry element for which the corresponding symmetry operation resembles reflection in a mirror, coincident with the plane. It converts a chiral object or structure into its enantiomorph.

23062    ◆         Miscellaneous ACM         ◆         Interior asbestos-containing building material or structural components, members or fixtures, such as floor and ceiling tiles; does not include surfacing materials or thermal system insulation.

23063    ◆         Miscellaneous materials   ◆         Interior building materials on structural components, such as floor or ceiling tiles.

23064    ◆         miscibility gap    ◆         the region between complete miscibility and immiscibility on an equilibrium phase diagram, where this partial miscibility region is a function of temperature and other conditions; common with liquids, such as oil and water, copper, and lead but also observed in alloys.

23065    ◆         Miscible Liquids  ◆         Two or more liquids that can be mixed and will remain mixed under normal conditions.

23066    ◆         miscible-phase displacement        ◆            the introduction of an oil-miscible driving fluid, such as gas or liquefied petroleum gas, into a well to increase oil recovery.

23067    ◆         miscible-slug process      ◆         the introduction of liquefied petroleum gas into a well to increase oil recovery.

23068    ◆         miser    ◆         a tubular bit used in well boring that is fitted with a valve at the bottom and a screw for forcing earth upward. Also, MIZER.

23069    ◆         misfire   ◆         a failure to establish an arc between the main anode and the cathode in a mercury-pool-cathode tube at the intended conducting time.

23070    ◆         mismatch loss    ◆         the loss in signal-to-noise output relative to that of a matched filter, caused by a filter that is not matched in response with the transmitted signal. Also, MATCHING LOSS.

23071    ◆         Missed Detection            ◆         The situation that occurs when a test indicates that a tank is tight when in fact it is leaking.

23072    ◆         MIST     ◆         미스트 : 적당한 핵의 위에 증기가 응축하여 생기는 경우와 액이 붕괴하는 경우에 생기는 액체상의 것으로, 표면장력에 의해서 구상을 형성하여 공기중에 부유하기도 하고 큰것은 침강하기도 하는데 형성시의 핵물질로는 고체미립자, 액체미립자, 이온등이 있다.

23073    ◆         Mist      ◆         Liquid particles measuring 40 to 500 micrometers (pm), are formed by condensation of vapor. By comparison, fog particles are smaller than 40 micrometers (pm).

23074    ◆         MITIGATING EFFECTS OF DROUGHT            ◆         한발피해완화 : 한발피해완화를 위해 한발예측 관련활동 및 사회와 자연체제의 한발에 대한 취약성을 경감시키지 위한 활동이 필요

23075    ◆         Mitigation          ◆         Measures taken to reduce adverse impacts on the environment.

23076    ◆         Mitscherlich's law of isomorphism ◆            an empirical law stating that substances having similar chemical compositions and properties produce similar if not identical crystalline forms.

23077    ◆         mixed aniline point         ◆         the lowest temperature at which a solution will form from a mixture of aniline, heptane, and another hydrocarbon.

23078    ◆         MIXED CULTURE ◆         혼합배양

23079    ◆         mixed cycle        ◆         an internal combustion engine cycle that combines Otto-cycle and diesel-cycle combustion in high-speed compression-ignition engines.

23080    ◆         mixed flow         ◆         the flow of a mixture consisting of two or more phases.

23081    ◆         MIXED FLOW PUMP        ◆         사류 펌프; 원심력 펌프와 축류펌프의 중간특성을 가지며 유수가 경사방향으로 흐름

23082    ◆         Mixed Funding   ◆         Settlements in which potentially responsible parties and EPA share the cost of a response action.

23083    ◆         Mixed Glass       ◆         Recovered container glass not sorted into categories (e.g.,color, grade).

23084    ◆         mixed indicator  ◆         a mixture of two indicators that allows for a more accurate end-point determination in an acid-base titration.

23085    ◆         Mixed Liquor      ◆         A mixture of activated sludge and water containing organic matter undergoing activated sludge treatment in an aeration tank.

23086    ◆         Mixed Metals     ◆         Recovered metals not sorted into categories such as aluminum, tin, or steel cans or ferrous or non-ferrous metals.

23087    ◆         Mixed Municipal Waste   ◆         Solid waste that has not been sorted into specific categories such as plastic, glass, yard trimmings, etc.

23088    ◆         MIXED PAPER     ◆         혼합종이

23089    ◆         Mixed Paper       ◆         Recovered paper not sorted into categories such as old magazines, old newspapers, old corrugated boxes, etc.

23090    ◆         Mixed Plastic      ◆         Recovered plastic unsorted by category.

23091    ◆         mixed potential  ◆         the amount of energy a material can generate when two or more electrochemical reactions occur simultaneously.

23092    ◆         MIXED PRESSURE TURBINE          ◆            혼합터빈; 증기이용방식의 증기터빈

23093    ◆         mixed water       ◆         a combination of volcanic and atmospheric waters.

23094    ◆         MIXED-CRYSTAL FORMATION       ◆            혼성 결정 형성 ; 일종의 공침

23095    ◆         mixed-flow impeller        ◆         an impeller used for a pump, compressor, or agitator that combines radial and axial flow principles.

23096    ◆         mixer    ◆         a circuit or device that combines two or more input signals or frequencies to produce a single output.

23097    ◆         mixer tube         ◆         an electron tube that performs the frequency-conversion function of a converter in a superheterodyne receiver when it is supplied with voltage or power from an external oscillator.

23098    ◆         mixer-settler       ◆         a liquid-liquid extraction device that mixes phases and then allows the liquids to settle and separate.

23099    ◆         mixing   ◆         the process of combining two or more signals, such as the outputs of multiple microphones, in order to produce special effects.

23100    ◆         MIXING HEIGHT  ◆         혼합고도(대)