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환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 12001-12200

by 리치캣 2023. 1. 10.
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환경 및 무역 관련용어 모음집 environmental and trade terms : 12001-12200

번호                  용어                  해설

12001             A2/O process              A2/O 공정; 생물학적 질소, 인 동시제거 공정

12002             AA                 Accountable Area; Adverse Action; Advices of Allowance; Assistant Administrator; Associate Administrator; Atomic Absorption

12003             aa channel                  a narrow, winding channel in which lava flows down from a central vent to feed an aa flow.

12004             aa or a'a                     a type of lava having a rough, jagged surface covered with clinkers and scoria. (From a Hawaiian word.)

12005             AAEE              American Academy of Environmental Engineers

12006             AANWR          Alaskan Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

12007             AAOE             대기남극오존실험; airborne Antarctic ozone experiment

12008             AAP               Asbestos Action Program

12009             AAPCO           American Association of Pesticide Control Officials

12010             AARC             Alliance for Acids Rain Control

12011             AASE              대기북극성층권 탐사; airborne arctic stratosphere expedition

12012             abandoned field          a term used to describe an area that is in a transitional stage between active agricultural land and the native forest or other dominant vegetation of the region.

12013             Abandoned Well          A well whose use has been permanently discontinued or which is in a state of such disrepair that it cannot be used for its intended purpose.

12014             abandonment              the discontinued operation of an oil well for any of various reasons, such as the lack of oil, greatly reduced well pressure, a landslide, a damaged casing, or a flooded well hole.the discontinued operation of an oil well for any of various reasons, such as the lack of oil, greatly reduced well pressure, a landslide, a damaged casing, or a flooded well hole.

12015             abandonment contour              a graph that shows the actual cumulative yield from an oil well in comparison to the estimated yield; an aid used in deciding upon the most financially opportune time to abandon an oil well.

12016             ABATEMENT                감소; 통상수준 이하로 배출수준을 감소시킴

12017             Abatement                  Reducing the degree or intensity of, or clminating, pollution.

12018             Abatement Debris                    Waste from remediation activities.

12019             ABC 배전방식 Aerial Bundled Cable Distribution                 수목접촉 및 이물접촉 등에 의한 사고빈발 및 절연전선의 단선에 의한 화재, 안전사고 등의 문제점을 해결하고 기준 이격거리 미달개소의 경제적 해소방안 필요 및 환경보존에 대한 국민관심도 고조로 수목전지 어려움

12020             ABC system                 a method of determining irregular weathering thickness, used in seismic surveying.

12021             abcoulomb                 the centimeter-gram-second electromagnetic unit of electrical charge; one abcoulomb is the quantity of electricity that flows past any point in a circuit in one second when the current is one abampere; equal to ten coulombs. abcoulomb   : the centimeter-gram-second electromagnetic unit of electrical charge; one abcoulomb is the quantity of electricity that flows past any point in a circuit in one second when the current is one abampere; equal to ten coulombs.

12022             abcoulomb centimeter              the centimeter-gram-second electromagnetic unit of electric dipole moment.

12023             Abegg's rule                the statement that the sum of the positive and negative valencies for an element is equal to eight. (From Richard Abegg, 1869-1910, German chemist.)

12024             ABEL              EPA's computer model for analyzing a violator's ability to pay a civil penalty.

12025             Abel test or Abel process          a process used to determine the flash point of petroleum and other highly volatile materials. Thus, Abel tester. (From Sir Frederick Abel.)

12026             ABES              Alliance for Balanced Environmental Solutions

12027             ABI                재연소지수; Ash Burnout Index; 소각로의 연소능력평가에 이용되는 지수로서 바닥에 존재하는 연소되지 않는 유기물의 양으로 시설의 연소능력평가에 이용된다. 바닥연소효율이 좋은 도시폐기물 소작로는 ABI 95-99%정도이다

12028             abiocoen                    the sum of all the nonliving components of an environment or habitat. Also, abiocen.

12029             abiotic            of or relating to the physical climatic and nonliving chemical aspects of an environment, as opposed to the biological aspects. Thus, abiotic interaction.

12030             abiotic environment                 the physical climatic and the nonliving chemical aspects of an environment.

12031             abiotic factor               an environmental factor not associated with the activities of living organisms.

12032             ABIOTIC TRANSFORMATIONS                   무생물학적 전환; 미생물에 기여하지 않는 물리적 화학적인 작용에 의한 물질의 전환

12033             Ablation          The rapid reduction of soil particles by means of a focused laser.

12034             abnormal magnetic reading                     any aberrant magnetic compass reading caused by magnetic fields in a localized area that divert the needle from the magnetic pole.

12035             abohm           the centigrade-gram-second electromagnetic unit of resistance; one abohm is the resistance across which a steady current of one abampere will produce a potential difference of one abvolt; equal to 10-9 ohm.

12036             abohm centimeter                    the centimeter-gram-second electromagnetic unit of resistivity.

12037             Aborbed Dose             In exposure assessment, the amount of a substance that penetrates an exposed organism's absorption barriers (e.g.,,skin,lungtissue,gastrointestinal tract)through physical or biological processes. The term is synonymous with internal dose.

12038             aboriculture                the cultivation of trees and shrubs.

12039             aboriginal                   relating to or being one of the original inhabitants of a place.

12040             aborigine                    one of the original or native plants or animals of a region.

12041             abrasion drilling          an oil-drilling method that uses a rock-cutting technique, rather than a conventional drill string and bit; an abrasive substance, such as blasting sand, is forced through nozzles at high velocity to erode away the rock.

12042             abrasive blasting          a process that uses abrasive particles blown through a nozzle under air pressure to prepare a steel surface for painting.

12043             abrasive cone              a grinding wheel design whose operating surface is conical in shape.

12044             abreast mill                 a rotary disk attrition mill, with rotary steel disks that mount facing abrasive grinding plates; parts are set up in a row and are milled at the same time. Thus, abreast milling.

12045             ABS               음이온 계면활성제; alkylbenzene sulfonate

12046             ABS(유전자원의 접근과 이익 공유)                     각국이 보유한 생물자원에 대한 주권적 권리를 인정한 국제 규범으로, 생물다양성협약에 대한 보충협정인 나고야의정서의 핵심개념이다. 요지는 선진국이 개발도상국의 생물자원을 이용하고 얻은 이익을 해당국가와 공유해야 한다는 것이다. 유전자원을 이용하려면 유전자원 제공국으로부터 사전 동의를 구하고 이용 방법과 정당한 이익의 공유 조건에 대해 상호 간에 합의를 이룰 것을 규정한 것이다.

12047             ABSCH(유전자원정보관리센터)                  나고야의정서의 국내 시행을 위해 제정된 「유전자원법(2017. 8)」에 의거 '유전자원 등에 대한 접근․이용 및 이익 공유(ABS)'에 관한 업무를 전문적으로 수행하기 위해 설립된 국립생물자원관 내 조직이다. 유전자원의 전략화 등 생물주권을 강화하는 세계적 흐름에 대응하여, ABS 관련 정보의 조사‧취합‧관리‧제공업무를 수행한다.

12048             absiemen                    the centimeter-gram-second electromagnetic unit of conductance; one absiemen is the conductance at which a potential of one abvolt forces a current of one abampere; equal to 109 siemens.

12049             absolute abundance                 the precise number of individuals of a particular group in a given area, population, or community.

12050             absolute boiling point              the temperature at which a given substance boils, expressed in relation to absolute zero on the Kelvin temperature scale; e.g., at standard atmospheric pressure pure water has an absolute boiling point of 373.16 K, as compared to 100°C or 212°F.

12051             absolute efficiency                   the ratio of the useful acoustic power output from a transducer to the input.

12052             absolute electrometer               an electrostatic instrument that determines electric potential by weighing the attraction of a charged disk against gravity. Also, ATTRACTED DISK ELECTROMETER.

12053             absolute gravity           the value given to denote the density or specific gravity of substances at standard conditions; e.g., at standard atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 0°C for gases.

12054             ABSOLUTE HUMIDITY               절대습도; 수증기량을 단위체적의 공기중의 질량으로 표시한 것

12055             absolute permeability               a measurement of the ability of a fluid, such as oil, gas, or water, to flow through a rock formation when the formation is at 100% saturation.

12056             absolute pitch             the exact pitch of a tone described in terms of vibrations per second.the exact pitch of a tone described in terms of vibrations per second.

12057             absolute porosity                     the ratio of the volume of the pore spaces or voids in a rock, available for the retention of fluid, to the total bulk volume of the rock.

12058             Absolute Pressure Transducer (절대압트랜스듀서)           다이아프램의 한편이 제로 기압(진공)이 되어 내리고, 그것을 기준에 압력을 계측하는 트랜스듀서.  많은 어플리케이션에 있어서, 진공 기준의 트랜스듀서와 거의 같은 출력을 달성하기 위해서(때문에), 대기압 기준 트랜스듀서의 제로를­ 14.7psi (진공과 거의 같은 )에 오프 세트하는 것이 용서됩니다.

12059             absolute reaction rate               the rate of a chemical reaction as calculated by the rate at which reactant molecules collide. Multiplied by an exponential; this gives reasonable agreement with experiment for a number of simple reactions.

12060             absolute specific gravity            the ratio of an object's density to that of water, under conditions of equal temperature.

12061             absorb            to obtain energy from radiation.

12062             absorbance                 the logarithm of the ratio of light intensity incident on a solution under analysis to the intensity transmitted by it; usually directly proportional to the concentration of the absorbing substance in a pure solution. Also, ABSORBANCY, EXTINCTION.

12063             Absorbed Dose            The amount of a chemical that enters the body of an exposed organism.

12064             absorbency                 the taking up of a substance in bulk by other matter.the taking up of a substance in bulk by other matter. the relative capacity of a substance to allow penetration by another substance.the relative capacity of a substance to allow penetration by another substance.  Physics.  the taking in of radiation by the medium through which the radiation is passing.the taking in of radiation by the medium through which the radiation is passing. a value given to denote the amount of light or radiation absorbed by a particular substance.a value given to denote the amount of light or radiation absorbed by a particular substance.

12065             absorber                     any substance or device that collects and dissipates radiated energy. It may provide shielding from such energy or prevent its reflection. It may also allow particular components of radiated energy to be extracted from a material.

12066             absorber capacity                     the maximum allowable vapor or liquid velocity in a packed or plate-type absorption tower at a given set of operating conditions.

12067             ABSORBING CHAMBER             흡음쳄버()

12068             ABSORPTIMETRIC ANALYSIS                     흡광광도법

12069             absorptiometer            an instrument that measures the optical absorbance of a sample that is usually a colored liquid; used as a regulating device for waste treatment processes.

12070             absorptiometric analysis            a chemical analysis of a gas or liquid that is performed by measuring the peak electromagnetic absorption wavelengths characteristic of a specific element or compound.

12071             ABSORPTION              흡수; 파동의 에너지가 타형의 에너지로 비가역적으로 전환되는 것

12072             Absorption                  The uptake of water, other fluids, or dissolved chemicals by a cell or an organism(as tree roots absorb dissolved nutrients in soil.)

12073             Absorption Barrier                   Any of the exchange sites of the body that permit uptake of various substances at different rates(e.g.,skin,lung tissue,and gastrointestinal-tract wall)

12074             absorption control                   in a nuclear reactor, the combined action of manual and automatic mechanisms for the insertion and withdrawal of neutron absorbers to control core reactivity.

12075             absorption current                   a reversible component of measured current that is proportional to the voltage application time.

12076             absorption cycle          a process within a refrigeration system during which the primary fluid (the refrigerant) and the secondary fluid (the absorbent) mix after the refrigerant leaves the evaporator.

12077             ABSORPTION FILTER                 흡수필터 : 착색유리판으로서 분자흡수에 의해 일부분의 가시선 스펙트럼을 제거

12078             absorption modulation             a type of amplitude modulation that couples a variable-impedance device, such as a microphone, to the output stage of a radio transmitter. Energy is thus absorbed from the transmitter according to the information captured by the

12079             Absorption of Radiation (복사흡수)                     복사에너지의 흡수를 의미하며, 지구온난화의 주된 원인이 된다. 대기 중의 수증기, 이산화탄소, 오존 따위가 지표에서 우주 공간으로 향하는 적외선 복사를 대부분 흡수하여 지표의 온도를 비교적 높게 유지함으로써 온실효과가 발생하게 된다.

12080             ABSORPTION PEAK                  흡수봉우리

12081             absorption plant          a plant for conducting a gas-absorption process.

12082             absorption process                   a process to separate gasoline from wet gas vapor by contacting a light oil with the gas to absorb the gasoline and then distilling the oil-gasoline mixture.

12083             absorption refrigeration            a process that uses two fluids, a primary fluid (the refrigerant) such as ammonia, and a secondary fluid (the absorbent), water. When ammonia liquid is vaporized under pressure into an expansion tube, the vapors absorb heat, producing a refrigeration effect. Water absorbs the ammonia vapors to liquefy them to be distilled by a rectifying column. Thus, absorption refrigerator.

12084             ABSORPTION SPECTRUM          흡수스펙트럼 : 연속 스펙트럼을 가지는 광선을 물질속으로 통과시킨후, 분광기로 분광시킬 때 얻어지는 스펙트럼.

12085             ABSORPTION TYPE                   흡음형 : 소음기의 종류

12086             absorptivity                 the ratio of energy absorbed by a body to energy incident upon the same body. Absorptivity is usually denoted by the Greek letter alpha () and lies between zero and unity for a real body. In many practical applications, to simplify the analysis,

12087             ABWR            Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (instrument)

12088             AC                 Actual Commitment. Advisory Circular

12089             ACA               American Conseravtion Association

12090             ACAQ             Advisory Committee on Air Quality

12091             ACBM            Asbestos-Containing Building Material

12092             ACCELERATED GRAVITY SEPARATION                     고속중력침전분리

12093             acceleration                the vector representing the rate of change in velocity vector over time. It is expressed in meters (or feet) per second per second, and it involves an increase or decrease in speed and a change in direction.

12094             acceleration analysis                 a study to determine the type of accelerationrectilinear, curvilinear, gravimetric, or angularand the rate of change of the object in motion.

12095             ACCELERATION LOSS                가속손실

12096             acceleration of gravity              the acceleration of an object due to the gravitational pull of a planet; on the earth, it has a standard MKS value of 9.80665 meters per second per second, but the actual magnitude varies with latitude and elevation. Also, ACCELERATION OF FREE FALL, APPARENT GRAVITY.

12097             acceleration switch                   a device that automatically opens or closes a circuit when the acceleration of a body to which the device is attached exceeds a predetermined rate in a given direction.

12098             acceleration voltage                 in electron tubes, the potential difference existing between the electron accelerating electrode and the cathode.

12099             accelerator                  a pedal or lever designed to control the speed of an engine by actuating the carburetor throttle valve or fuel-injection control.

12100             accelerator jet             a mechanical device used to inject additional fuel into a carbureted system to increase speed and power on demand by an operator.

12101             accelerator linkage                   a device that transmits a command from an actuator to the accelerator pump or to a throttling valve.

12102             accelerator pedal          a device that controls the speed of an engine or electric motor by means of foot pressure exerted by an operator.

12103             accelerator pump                     a piston that moves past an overrunning fuel port in a cylinder to pressurize a small quantity of fuel for injection into a carbureted system.

12104             accelofilter                  a filtration device that increases the rate of filtration by forcing the liquid through the filter.

12105             accentuation               the process of highlighting a particular band of frequencies by amplifying those frequencies.

12106             ACCEPTABLE DAILY INTAKES                     일일허용한계 : ADI, 유해성 평가를 위한 위험도 추정지표

12107             acceptable risk            the minimum level of expected seismic damage deemed tolerable when determining design requirements for structures.

12108             acceptor          any species that combines with or accepts other material.any species that combines with or accepts other material. a chemical in which the reaction rate with another chemical increases because the other substance is undergoing another reaction.a chemical in which the reaction rate with another chemical increases because the other substance is undergoing another reaction.  Solid-State Physics. a small quantity of impurities introduced into a crystalline semiconductor, and having a lower valency than the semiconductor from which they attract electrons so as to produce holes, creating p-type conduction.  : a calcinated carbonate that absorbs the carbon dioxide evolved duringa process of coal gasification.

12109             accessory                    a device that is mounted in the peripheral area of a central machine and driven by belts, gears, vacuum, or electric motor to assist in the operation of that machine.

12110             accessory ejecta           pyroclastic material formed from fragments of earlier lavas or preexisting solidified volcanic rocks originating from the same volcano. Also, RESURGENT EJECTA.

12111             ACCESSORY EQUIPMENT           부대장비

12112             accident block             a rock fragment or chip that broke off from the subvolcanic basement and was ejected from a volcano.

12113             Accident Site               The location of an unexpected occurrence, failure or loss, either at a plant or along a trans-portation route, resulting in a release of hazardous materials.

12114             accidental                   relating to or being an individual organism found in a locale that is not a normal habitat for its species.relating to or being an individual organism found in a locale that is not a normal habitat for its species. describing a plant species that constitutes one-fourth to one-half of the vegetation of a given area. Thus, accidental species.describing a plant species that constitutes one-fourth to one-half of the vegetation of a given area. Thus, accidental species.

12115             accidental ejecta          pyroclastic rock material formed from fragments of preexisting rocks that are nonvolcanic or come from volcanic rocks unrelated to the erupting volcano. Also, NONCOGNATE EJECTA.

12116             acclimate                    to undergo the process of acclimation. Also, ACCLIMATIZE.

12117             acclimated microorganism                       any microorganism capable of acclimating to an environmental change, as in temperature.

12118             acclimation                 a reversible physiological or morphological change evinced by one individual in response to some alteration in its environment, such as a change in temperature or climate. Also, ACCLIMATIZATION, ACCLIMITATION.

12119             Acclimatization            The physiological and behavipral adjustment of an organism to changes in its environment.

12120             acclimatize                  to undergo the process of acclimation.

12121             accommodation           the capacity of an organism to adjust to changes in its environment.

12122             accordion roller conveyor          a roller conveyor constructed in a spiral manner; the lightness of the spiral is determined by the size of material being transported and the transport time.

12123             ACCOUNTED WATER                유수수량

12124             ACCREDITION              인정 : 기관 또는 개인이 특정업무를 수행하는데 적격자임을 권위있는 기관이 공식적으로 인정하는 절차

12125             accretionary lava ball                a ball of lava on the surface of an aa lava flow, formed by the molding of viscous lava around a solidified core.

12126             accuracy       (정확성)            측정 또는 이론적 추정이나 근사계산에 있어서의 정확성과 정밀도.

12127             Accuracy (정밀도)                     모델이나 정해진 기준에 충실한 정도. 측정의 정밀함을 나타내는 정도.

12128             ACE               Alliance for Clean Energy

12129             ACE               Any Credible Evidence

12130             ACEEE            American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy

12131             ACER              Advisory Committee on Environmental Resources

12132             acetate dye                 one of a group of water-insoluble azo dyes capable of dyeing acetate fibers.one of a group of water-insoluble azo dyes capable of dyeing acetate fibers. one of a group of water-insoluble amino azo dyes made soluble with formaldehyde and bisulfite.one of a group of water-insoluble amino azo dyes made soluble with formaldehyde and bisulfite.

12133             acetate process            a process in which cellulose is combined with acetic acid or acetic anhydride and sulfuric acid catalyst to make cellulose acetate resin or fiber.

12134             ACETIC PHASE             초기 산생성 시기()

12135             acetone number          the numeric expression of a ratio that approximates the degree of polymerization of substances.

12136             Acetone의 특성 및 방제방법                    주최 : 국립환경 연구원

12137             acetone-benzol process            the use of acetone and benzol as solvents in a dewaxing process in petroleum refining.

12138             Acetonitrile의 특성 및 방제방법                주최 : 국립환경 연구원

12139             acetous          referring to acetic acid.referring to acetic acid. referring to that which is sour to the taste.referring to that which is sour to the taste.

12140             acetyl number             a number that indicates the extent to which a substance may be acetylated; a measure of the number of free hydroxyl groups in fats and oils, determined by the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide used to neutralize one gram of acetylated product.

12141             acetyl reduction assay              a sensitive technique that uses a flame ionization detector and a gas chromatography apparatus to measure the ability of an organism to fix nitrogen.

12142             ACFM             Actual Cubic Feet Per Minute

12143             achiral            not chiral; able to be superimposed on its mirror image in a given configuration. Thus, achiral molecule, achiral atom.

12144             Acid Aerpsol               Acidic liquid or solid particle small enough to become airborne. High concentration can irritate the lungs and have been associated with respiratory diseases like asthma.

12145             acid anhydride             an acid from which one or more water molecules have been removed.

12146             acid cell          an electrochemical device in which an acid solution is used to generate electricity

12147             acid conductor            the equipment used to heat and evaporate water from hydrolyzed acid or to distill water under a partial vacuum.

12148             Acid Deposition           A complex chemical and atmospheric phenomenon that occurs when emission of sulfur and nitrogen compounds and other substances are transformed by chemical processes in the atmosphere, often far from the original sources, and then deposited on earth in either wet or dry form. The wet forms, popuarly called acid rain,can fall to earth as rain,snow,or fog. The dry forms are acidic gases or particulates.

12149             acid dilution                the diluting of concentrated hydrochloric acid with water before oil-well acidizing.

12150             acid disproportionation            a state during a chemical reaction in which a single acid compound serves both as an oxidizing and as a reducing agent.

12151             acid electrolyte            any acidic compound that will dissolve and dissociate into an acidic solution capable of transmitting an electric current.

12152             ACID GAS                   산성가스; 불소와 염소를 포함하는 폐기물의 연소시 HF HCl 같은 산성가스를 발생시킨다. 또한 황과 질소를 함유하는 폐기물의 연소도 산성가스의 생성원인이 될 수 있다.

12153             acid gases                   the hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide emitted in refinery gases that form corrosive acids when combined with moisture.

12154             acid heat test              a test that indicates the degree of unsaturation in hydrocarbons; performed by adding sulfuric acid to an organic compound and noting the increase in temperature.

12155             acid jetting                 the jetting of an acid spray from a device lowered through oil-well tubing onto bottom-hole rock to clear away scale and mud that interfere with the flow of oil.

12156             ACID LEACHING           산성침출

12157             Acid Mine Drainage                    Drainage of wster form areas that have been mined for coal or other mineral ores. The water has a low pH because of its contact with sulfur-bearing material and is harmful to aquatic organisms.

12158             Acid Neutralizing Capacity                       Measure of ability of a base(e.g.,water or soil)to resist change in pH.

12159             acid number               a measure of the free acid content of a substance, such as an oil, resin, or wax, as determined by the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide, KOH, required to neutralize one gram of the substance. Also, ACID VALUE.

12160             ACID PRECIPITATION                산성강하물

12161             ACID PRECURSORS                  산의 전조물질 : 공기중 산소와 물과 반응하여 산성물질을 형성

12162             acid radical                 the remainder of a molecule of an acid after the removal of acidic hydrogen.

12163             Acid Rain                    (See: acid deposition)

12164             ACID RAIN                  산성비 : 선탁, 석유등의 화학연료가 연소할때 배출되는 황산화물, 질소산화물이 대기중의 수소와 결합되어 복잡한 화학반응을 일으킨 후 최종적으로 황산이온, 질산이온 등으로 변화하여 강한 산성을 띤 비가 내리는 현상을 말함

12165             acid sludge                 the gummy acid or oily residue that separates after petroleum oil has been treated with sulfuric acid to remove impurities.

12166             acid treatment             the use of acid to enlarge the pore spaces where reservoir fluids flow.the use of acid to enlarge the pore spaces where reservoir fluids flow. a refining process whereby untreated petroleum products such as kerosene, gasoline, diesel fuel, and lubricating stocks are treated with sulfuric acid to enhance odor, color, and other characteristics.a refining process whereby untreated petroleum products such as kerosene, gasoline, diesel fuel, and lubricating stocks are treated with sulfuric acid to enhance odor, color, and other characteristics.

12167             acid-base equilibrium               a stable condition in a system of acids and bases; a reaction between an acid and base in which a state of equilibrium between reactants is reached.

12168             acid-base indicator                   any substance that reveals the pH or degree of acidity or basicity of a solution through a color change.

12169             acid-base pair             an acid and a base that differ by one proton, in which the acid is the donor of the proton and the base is the acceptor of the proton.

12170             acid-base titration                    a titration in which a specific volume of an acid of known concentration (the titrant) is added to a base of unknown concentration, or vice versa, for the purpose of determining the concentration of the unknown.

12171             acid-fracture               to open or enlarge a fracture by using a blend of oil and acid, or of water and acid under high pressure, to produce a hard limestone formation.

12172             Acidic             The condition of water or soil that contains a sufficient amount of acid substances to lower the pH below 7.0.

12173             ACIDIC DEPOSITION                 산성 침적물 : 산성비의 더 정확한 용어

12174             acidic lava                   lava containing at least 66% silica; distinguished from basic and intermediate lava.

12175             acidic titrant                an acid solution of known concentration used as a standard solution for titration to determine the basicity of a solution of unknown concentration.

12176             acidimeter                   a device used to measure the amount of acid present in a solution.

12177             acidimetry                   an analytical method for determining the amount of acid in a given sample by titration against a standard solution of a base.

12178             acidity     (산도 :   알칼리 소비량 1mg/L = 1 )           수중에 포함되어 있는 탄산,  광산, 또는 유기산등의 산분을  중화하는데 필요한 알칼리분을 이것에  대응하는 CaCo3mg/l(에서) 표현한 것.

12179             acidity coefficient                     the ratio of the number of atoms of oxygen in the alkaline compounds of a rock or mineral to the number of atoms of oxygen in silica. Also, ACIDITY QUOTIENT, COEFFICIENT OF ACIDITY, OXYGEN RATIO.

12180             acid-recovery plant                  a plant, in certain refineries, for separating sludge acid into tar, acid oil, and weak sulfuric acid, with the capability of reconcentration.

12181             acidulate                     to make acidic or sour.

12182             Ackerman steering (gear)          a type of automotive steering that uses an Ackerman compound axle which allows the inner axle to move through a greater angle than does the outer axle. Also, Ackerman linkage.

12183             ACL                Alternate Concentration Limit. Analytical Chemistry Laboratory

12184             aclinic            describing a state in which a freely suspended magnetic needle remains in a horizontal position; having no magnetic inclination.

12185             ACM              Asbestos-Contaning Material

12186             ACMAD          아프리카 기상센타  African center of meteorological applications for development

12187             acme              the time of greatest diversification or abundance of a taxon.

12188             ACOPS           해양보호자문위원회  Advisory committee on protection of the sea

12189             acoustic          of or relating to sound, or the scientific study of sound. Many compound terms beginning with acoustic may also begin with sonic or sound; e.g., acoustic navigation = sonic navigation; acoustic energy = sound energy.  Biology. relating to the sense or organs of hearing.  Materials Science. of or relating to a material or substance that is designed to control the passage or quality of sound. Thus, acoustic insulation, acoustic plaster, acoustic tile, and so on.  Ordnance. activated or directed by sound: an acoustic torpedo.  : describing a guitar or other musical instrument whose sound is not electronically amplified or modified.

12190             acoustic absorption                  the process by which sound energy is reduced as sound waves strike or pass through a surface. Also, acoustic absorptivity.

12191             acoustic absorption coefficient                 the ratio of the amount of sound energy that is absorbed by a surface or medium to the amount that strikes it. Also, acoustic absorption factor.

12192             acoustic amplifier                    any device that increases the strength of an acoustic wave.any device that increases the strength of an acoustic wave.

12193             acoustic array              a group of acoustic transducers that are arranged to create a specific unified effect.

12194             acoustic center            for a sound transmitter or receiver, the point from which sound appears to emanate or diverge.

12195             acoustic clarifier          a system composed of sound-absorbing cones loosely mounted on the baffle of a loudspeaker, used to absorb the energy of sudden bursts of loud sounds.

12196             acoustic comfort index             an arbitrary scale for sound level tolerance, in which a value of +100 is assigned to ideal conditions and a value of -100 is assigned to intolerable conditions.

12197             acoustic compliance                 a medium's reactive capacitance as a result of its volume displacement, with little displacement of its center of gravity.

12198             acoustic coupler          a device that acts as an interface in the conversion of acoustic signals to electric signals, or vice versa.

12199             acoustic delay             an electronically or physically induced increase in the time between the transmission of a sound and reception of the sound, so as to produce some desired effect.

12200             acoustic detection                    the formation of the sound profile of an object, such as an underwater mountain range, by means of measuring the sound waves reflected off the object.the formation of the sound profile of an object, such as an underwater mountain range, by means of measuring the sound waves reflected off the object. a similar formation of a sound profile by measuring the sound radiated from the object. Thus, acoustic detector.a similar formation of a sound profile by measuring the sound radiated from the object. Thus, acoustic detector.

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