미래연구 관련 리포트 목록 51-100 : 과학기술정책연구원

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미래연구 관련 리포트 목록 51-100 : 과학기술정책연구원

no	제목	요약	출처	작가
51	Behavioural Economics and Environmental Incentives	<p>This review aims to improve our understanding of the implications of the insights from behavioural economics for environmental policy design. The review focuses on the question of incentive design in two broad areas ? risk, conflict and cooperation; and mechanism design. A number of lessons for policy design emerge from the literature and are highlighted in the paper.</p>	OECD	Jason Shogren
52	Bhutan Transport 2040 Interated Strategic Vision	<p>&nbsp;This report describes the training course on Sustainable Urban Transport for Bhutan held during May 17-<br />18, 2012 by GIZ and RSTA in Paro, Bhutan.</p>	asian Development Bank	Asian Development Bank
53	Biotech 2020 - Crop Biotechnology in the world of 2020	<p>Biotechnology appled to crop production is in its infancy, but by 2020 significant advances in science and technology are expected to have been made, opening up potentially new ways to benefit agriculture, the environmnet and food, as weel as generating high added-value and novel non-food products from plants.</p>	British Crop Protection Council	BioScience & Technology 2020 Organising Group
54	BioTechnology 2020	<p>&nbsp;This brochure provides a team of young experts with the opportunity to look ahead and forecast possible applications of biotechnology from now until 2020. The team of authors come from very different fields of biotechnology and had intensive discussions of the content.</p>	EC	Gerhard Kreysa et al.
55	Biotechnology Report	<p>Europe faces major structural challenges ? globalisation, climate change and an ageing</p> <p>population ? to name but a few. The economic downturn has made these issues even</p> <p>more pressing. On 3 March 2010, the European Commission launched the Europe 2020</p> <p>Strategy which is designed to help the Union to come out stronger from the current</p> <p>economic and financial crisis and to prepare its economy for the next decade’s</p> <p>challenges. It aims to stimulate growth and create more and better jobs, while making</p> <p>the economy greener and more innovative1.</p>	European Commission	TNS Opinion & Social
56	BioVisions 2015	<p>The BioVision 2015 distilled the information into three divergent, but at the same time realistic scenarios which are detailed in this report. Each individual looks back from 2015 th show how it could play out and highlights recent indicator supporting the respective scenario up to today.<br /></p>	Siemens	Ankit Jamwal et al.
57	BREXIT 2016 Policy analysis from the Centre for Economic Performance	<p>It is highly uncertain what the UK’s future would look like outside the European Union</p> <p>(EU), which makes ‘Brexit’ a leap into the unknown. This report reviews the advantages</p> <p>and drawbacks of the most likely options.</p>	LSE	John Van Reenen 외 다수
58	BREXIT: the impact on the UK and the EU	<p>For the first time in a generation there is a serious prospect of a member state leaving the European Union.In Britain, the Conservative government, led by Prime Minister David Cameron, is committed to holding an in-out referendum by the end of 2017. This will be preceded by a renegotiation of the terms of EU membership and a lengthy referendum campaign. The opinion polls suggest that if a referendum was held tomorrow the outcome would be highly uncertain. A vote to remain in the EU is far from assured.</p>	Global Counsel	Gregor Irwin
59	Canadian Digital Media Content Creation Technology Roadmap	<p>This document presents the results from Phase 1 of a Technology Roadmap (TRM)</p> <p>process for Digital Media Content Creation (DMCC) in Canada. The objectives of Phase</p> <p>I of the DMCC TRM were to identify a set of high priority technology projects that</p> <p>would assist Canadian Digital Media content creators in meeting future market demands;</p> <p>and to identify related skills development issues and how they could be addressed.</p>	the Centre for Public Management Inc.	the Centre for Public Management Inc.
60	Charting Past, Present, and Future Research in Ubiquitous Computing	<p>The proliferation of computing into the physical world promises more than the ubiquitous availability of computing infrastructure; it suggests new paradigms of interaction inspired by constant access to information and computational capabilities. For the past decade, application-driven research in ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) has pushed three interaction themes: natural interfaces, context-aware applications, and automated capture and access. To chart a course for future research in ubiquitous computing, we review the accomplishments of these efforts and point to remaining research challenges. Research in ubiquitous computing implicitly requires addressing some notion of scale, whether in the number and type of devices, the physical space of distributed computing, or the number of people using a system. We posit a new area of applications research, everyday computing, focussed on scaling interaction with respect to time. Just as pushing the availability of computing away from the traditional desktop fundamentally changes the relationship between humans and computers, providing continuous interaction moves computing from a localized tool to a constant companion. Designing for continuous interaction requires addressing interruption and resumption of interaction, representing passages of time and providing associative storage models. Inherent in all of these interaction themes are difficult issues in the social implications of ubiquitous computing and the challenges of evaluating ubiquitous computing research. Although cumulative experience points to lessons in privacy, security, visibility, and control, there are no simple guidelines for steering research efforts. Akin to any efforts involving new technologies, evaluation strategies form a spectrum from technology feasibility efforts to long-term use studies?but a user-centric perspective is always possible and necessary.&nbsp;</p>	ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction	GREGORY D. ABOWD and ELIZABETH D. MYNATT
61	China 2030	<p>&nbsp;</p>	World Bank	World Bank
62	China 2030: Building a Modern, Harmonious, and Creative Society	<p>By any standard, China’s economic performance over the last three decades has been impressive. GDP growth averaged 10 percent a year, and over 500 million people were lifted out of poverty. China is now the world’s largest exporter and manufacturer, and its second largest economy. Even if growth moderates, China is likely to become a high-income economy and the world’s largest economy before 2030, notwithstanding the fact that its per capita income would still be a fraction of the average in advanced economies. But two questions arise. Can China’s growth rate still be among the highest in the world even if it slows from its current pace? And can it maintain this rapid growth with little disruption to the world, the environment, and the fabric of its own society? This report answers both questions in the affirmative, without downplaying the risks. By 2030, China has the potential to be a modern, harmonious, and creative high-income society. But achieving this objective will not be easy. To seize its opportunities, meet its many challenges, and realize its development vision for 2030, China needs to implement a new development strategy in its next phase of development. The reforms that launched China on its current growth trajectory were inspired by Deng Xiaoping, who played an important role in building consensus for a&nbsp;</p> <p>fundamental shift in the country’s strategy. After more than 30 years of rapid growth, China has reached another turning point in its development path when a second strategic, and no less fundamental, shift is called for. The 12th Five Year Plan provides an excellent start. This report combines its key elements to design a longer-term strategy that extends to 2030. More important, it focuses on the “how,” not just the “what.” Six important messages emerge from the analysis</p>	The World Bank	The World Bank
63	China’s Energy and Carbon Emissions Outlook to 2050	<p>&nbsp;The research presented in this report aims to develop a China Energy Outlook through 2050 with 2020 and 2030 milestones that can be used to assess the role of energy efficiency, structural change in industry, and new supply options for transitioning China’s economy to a lower CO2 emissions trajectory in the longer term, and to examine the challenge of meeting the shorter term goal in 2020.</p>	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory	Nan Zhou, David Fridley, Michael McNeil, Nina Zheng, Jing Ke, and Mark Levine
64	Cities of the future:global competition, local leadership	<p>Many of the challenges and opportunities that are coming to define the early part of the 21st century are at their most visible in the cities in which a growing proportion of the world’s population now lives.</p> <p>In response to the importance of cities in the global economy, PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) established a City and Local Government Network in 2004. The Network aims to bring together city leaders so that they can share the experience, knowledge and insights that they have gained and to develop their ideas and strategies for the future.&nbsp;</p> <p>The City and Local Government Network’s vision is:</p> <p>“We need new perspectives of cities, their dreams, knowledge, creativity, and motivation in order to find new ways to develop strategic city management. Therefore PwC will develop a new arena for dialogue with leaders in cities as a tool for strategic development and knowledge sharing, resulting in added value for people in cities, organisations or companies.”</p> <p>In this report, the first from the network, we set out to discover the principle challenges and trends that are influencing city leaders in their strategies for delivering prosperous and socially harmonious environments for their citizens. In the course of our research, we interviewed over 40 senior figures from cities all over the world. What emerges from these interviews is a number of common themes that all city leaders, despite their specific circumstances, believe to be setting the agenda for their cities.</p> <p>This report takes those themes and explores some of the strategic responses required for effective leadership. We have analysed the constituent elements of the city into a number of different asset groups, or capitals, that form the basis for developing a strategic agenda that will take a city forward. These capitals cover the people, knowledge, natural resources, technical infrastructure, finances, democratic and political aspects and cultural values that a city embodies. Using these capitals as a starting point, the report examines how different cities around the world are developing their understanding of each form of capital and assessing how they can ensure that they develop the city intelligence to make the best use of the capitals they have and develop those which may be in shorter supply.&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>	PricewaterhouseCoopers	PricewaterhouseCoopers
65	Climate and Environmental Sciences Division Strategic plan	<p>The Climate and Environmental Sciences Division, part of the Department of Energy’s Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the Office of Science, is the intellectual home for fundamental research to understand the energy-environment-climate connections and their implications for energy production, use, sustainability, and security. This strategic plan addresses the mission and goals of nine CESD programs/user facilities:</p> <p>? Atmospheric&nbsp;System&nbsp;Research&nbsp;(ASR)Program</p> <p>? Subsurface&nbsp;Biogeochemical&nbsp;Research&nbsp;(SBR)Program</p> <p>? Terrestrial&nbsp;Ecosystem&nbsp;Science&nbsp;(TES)Program</p> <p>? Earth&nbsp;System&nbsp;Modeling&nbsp;(ESM)Program</p> <p>? Regionaland&nbsp;Global&nbsp;Climate&nbsp;Modeling&nbsp;(RGCM)Program</p> <p>? Integrated&nbsp;Assessment&nbsp;Research&nbsp;(IAR)Program</p> <p>? Atmospheric&nbsp;Radiation&nbsp;Measurement&nbsp;(ARM)&nbsp;Climate&nbsp;Research&nbsp;Facility</p> <p>? Environmental&nbsp;Molecular&nbsp;Sciences&nbsp;Laboratory&nbsp;(EMSL)</p> <p>? Carbon&nbsp;Dioxide&nbsp;Information&nbsp;Analysis&nbsp;Center&nbsp;(CDIAC)</p>	DOE	DOE
66	Climate change and infectious diseases	<p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>The previous chapter considered how short-term variations in climatic conditions</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>and extreme weather events can exert direct effects on human death rates, physical</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>injury, mental health and other health outcomes. Changes in mean climatic</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>conditions and climate variability also can affect human health via indirect pathways,</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>particularly via changes in biological and ecological processes that influence</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>infectious disease transmission and food yields. This chapter examines the</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>influences of climatic factors on infectious diseases.</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>For centuries humans have known that climatic conditions affect epidemic</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>infections?ince well before the basic notion of infectious agents was understood</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>late in the nineteenth century. The Roman aristocracy took refuge in their</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>hill resorts each summer to avoid malaria. South Asians learnt early that in high</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>summer, strongly curried foods were less prone to induce diarrhoeal diseases.</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>In the southern United States one of the most severe summertime outbreaks of</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>yellow fever (viral disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito) occurred in</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>1878, during one of the strongest El Ni?o episodes on record. The economic and</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>human cost was enormous, with an estimated death toll of around 20 000 people.</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>In developed countries today it is well known that recurrent influenza epidemics</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>occur in mid-winter.</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>Infectious disease transmission should be viewed within an ecological framework.</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>Infectious agents obtain the necessary nutrients and energy by parasitization</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>of higher organisms. Most such infections are benign, and some are even</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>beneficial to both host and microbe. Only a minority of infections that adversely</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>affect the host’ biology are termed “nfectious disease”</span></p>	WHO	J. A. Patz, A. K. Githeko,, J. P. McCarty, S. Hussein, U. Confalonieri, N. de Wet,
67	Climate Change Intergrated Assessment Research	<p>Integrated assessment (IA) research provides a useful foundation for new generation of science. Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are the central tools of the field that have delivered tremendous value to date, but evolving climate issues present new, substantial challenges and demands.</p>	U.S Clmiate Change Science Program	Anthony C. Janetos
68	Climate Mitigation and Adaptation in Africa	<p>This paper presents comparative data on innovation in selected climate change mitigation and adaptation technologies in the context of Africa. Such analysis informs policy aimed at encouraging international technology transfer and development of domestic innovation capacities. We present detailed analysis of the role of Africa in development of these technologies (invention), and then move on to examine Africa as a technology market (as reflected in patenting). In addition, we briefly touch upon the question of cross-border technology development (co-invention) in Africa. Despite Africa’s generally low volume of inventive activity in these fields in comparison with other countries, inventive activity is disproportionately directed towards mitigation and adaptation technologies. In addition, the rate of international co-invention for most mitigation and adaptation technologies is much higher in Africa than in the rest of the world. And finally, rates of protection of climate technologies at African intellectual property offices are high relative to other technologies. Nonetheless, it must be emphasized that a relatively small number of inventions are protected in Africa, providing evidence that IP is not a barrier to technology transfer and diffusion.&nbsp;</p>	OECD	Ivan Ha??i?, J?r?me Silva, Nick JohnstoneJEL
69	Climate Models An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations	<p>The use of computers to simulate complex systems has grown in the past few decades to play a central role in many areas of science. Climate modeling is one of the best examples of this trend and one of the great success stories of scientific simulation. Building a laboratory analog of the Earth’s climate system with all its complexity is impossible. Instead, the successes of climate modeling allow us to address many questions about climate by experimenting with simulations?that is, with mathematical models of the climate system. Despite the success of the climate modeling enterprise, the complexity of our Earth imposes important limitations on existing climate models. This report aims to help the reader understand the valid uses, as well as the limitations, of current climate models.</p>	U.S Clmiate Change Science Program	David C. Bader, Curt Covery, William J. Gutowski Jr, Isaac M. Held, Kenneth E. Kunkel, Ronald L. Miller, Robin T. Tokmakian, Minghua H. Zhang
70	Collaboration ? The future of innovation for the medical device industry	<p>For the past 6 years, the KPMG Industrial Manufacturing sector has conducted an annual survey to uncover the most pressing issues facing our clients in the global marketplace. This year, KPMG International’s 2014 survey of 386 manufacturers worldwide, included 55 medical device companies. The results demonstrate that these pressures are even more pronounced for companies in the medical device sector. In particular: ? &nbsp; &nbsp;Governments in developed countries are reducing their healthcare budgets, resulting in ongoing pressure to reduce costs and lower margins in manufacturing. ? &nbsp; The need to comply with increasing regulatory complexities in global markets is driving up costs and increasing the risk of costly compliance failures. ? &nbsp; Smaller medical device manufacturers have traditionally driven innovation in products and services, but they are being joined in an increasingly crowded field by larger companies in developing markets and by new players with technological and data analytics capabilities.&nbsp;</p>	KPMG	KPMG
71	COMMISSION ON THE FUTURE DELIVERY OF PUBLIC SERVICES	<p>We are proposing an approach based on&nbsp;a thorough understanding of how public&nbsp;services could improve the quality of life&nbsp;and outcomes for the people of Scotland,&nbsp;while focussing relentlessly on driving out&nbsp;costs.</p> <p>It follows that any reform of organisational&nbsp;boundaries should be ‘bottom up’ ? based&nbsp;on the reality of delivering front-line services&nbsp;? rather than ‘top down’, or solely&nbsp;motivated by the desire to make savings.</p>	public services commission	DR. CAMPBELL CHRISTIE CBE
72	Consumersin 2030	<p>To stay true to our mission, we can’t assume that the consumer needs and areas of detriment we’ve campaigned on in the past will continue to be relevant as we move further on into the 21st century. Working with Forum for the Future, a not-for-profit that works globally with business and government totackle sustainability issues, we’re using new research methodologies and long-range scoping techniques to help us think about future programmes of research, and asking: ‘What might consumers need from Which? in 2030?’ Whilst remaining focused on our existing policy areas: food, energy, consumer markets, personal finance and public services, we’re taking action to ensure that we’re ahead of the game.</p>	Which?	Which?
73	Creative Disruption Technology, Strategy and the Future of the Global Defense Industry	<p>In the years to come, the convergence of emerging&nbsp;trends in the technological, geopolitical and business</p> <p>environments threatens to profoundly disrupt&nbsp;the global defense industry. These trends are pulling</p> <p>governments and the industries that support&nbsp;them in multiple directions to an extent that calls</p> <p>into question the underlying strategic basis of military&nbsp;technological advantage, as well as the broader</p> <p>ecosystem of defense research and development(R&amp;D), acquisition and sustainment.</p>	Center for a New American Security	Ben FitzGerald, Kelley Sayler
74	CREATIVE INDUSTRIES STRATEGY	<p>The creative industries generate value that spreads far wider than the sector itself: as a key part of a wider supply chain; as a driver of business for other sectors; and with 866,000 people in creative occupations outside of the sector, in addition to the 1.68 million jobs within the sector in 2012.</p>	CREATIVE INDUSTRIES COUNCIL UK	Nicola Mendelsohn
75	CYBERWAR IS COMING!	<p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;> &nbsp; </p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>Suppose that war looked like this: Small numbers of your light, highly mobile forces defeat and compel the surrender of large masses of heavily armed, dug-in enemy forces, with little loss of life on either side. Your forces can do this because they are well prepared, make room for maneuver, concentrate their firepower rapidly in unexpected places, and have superior command, control, and information systems that are decentralized to allow tactical initiatives, yet provide the central commanders with unparalleled intelligence and “topsight” for strategic purposes.</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>For your forces, warfare is no longer primarily a function of who puts the most capital, labor and technology on the battlefield, but of who has the best information about the battlefield. What distinguishes the victors is their grasp of information</span><span style=letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>?</span><span style=font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>not only from the mundane standpoint of knowing how to find the enemy while keeping it in the dark, but also in doctrinal and organizational terms. The analogy is rather like a chess game where you see the entire board, but your opponent sees only its own pieces</span><span style=letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>?</span><span style=font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>you can win even if he is allowed to start with additional powerful pieces.</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>We might appear to be extrapolating from the U.S. victory in the Gulf War against Iraq. But our vision is inspired more by the example of the Mongols of the 13th Century. Their “hordes” were almost always outnumbered by their opponents. Yet they conquered, and held for over a century, the largest continental empire ever seen. The key to Mongol success was their absolute dominance of battlefield information. They struck when and where they deemed appropriate; and their “Arrow Riders” kept field commanders, often separated by hundreds of miles, in daily communication. Even the Great Khan, sometimes thousands of miles away, was aware of developments in the field within days of their occurrence.</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: 함초롬바탕; letter-spacing: 0pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>Absent the galvanizing threat that used to be posed by the Soviet Union, domestic political pressures will encourage the United States to make do with a smaller military in the future. The type of warfighting capability that we envision, which is inspired by the Mongol example but drawn mainly from our analysis of the information revolution, may allow America to protect itself and its far-flung friends and interests, regardless of the size and strength of our potential future adversaries.</span></p>	Comparative Strategy	John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt
76	Deepening Digitalization of Economy and Social Changes	<p>Agenda</p> <p>1. A Short History of ICT 2. The New Phase of Digital Revolution 3. The Sharing Economy 4. New Normal 5. Conclusion</p> <p><br /></p>	KAIST	KAIST
77	Destination 2025 Focus on the Future of the Animal Health Industry	<p>&nbsp;These six papers have been developed through a collaborative effort between Delotte Consulting LLP and BBAM ove the past year. This paper aims to inform decision makers in academia, government, and industry of a range of potential opportunities likly to emerge in the animal health industry, and to idntigy technologies, products, and knolege clusters critical to taking advantage of these opportunities.</p>	BioBusiness Alliance of Minnesota	Mohammed R. Malik et al.
78	Destination 2025 Focus on the Future of the Medical Device Industry	<p>&nbsp;This paper aims to inform decision makers in academia, govermment, and industry of a gange of potential opportunities likely to emerge in the medical device industry, and to identify technologies, products, and knowledge dlusters critical to taking advantage of these opportunities</p>	BioBusiness Alliance of Minnesota	Mohammed R. Malik et al.
79	Differentiated Intellectual Property Regimes for Environmental and Climate Science & Technologyies	<p>Prior to the Copenhagen meeting on developing a new framework for climate-change policy there were sharp differences between the positions of developed and developing countries regarding the role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in fostering international technology transfer (ITT). Expanding effective ITT is central to meeting needs for acquiring and adapting environmentally sound technologies (ESTs) in poor nations. Policymakers in developed economies generally view IPRs, particularly patents and trade secrets, as positive and critical inducements to ITT, while those in developing countries often describe them as sources of market power that impede access to new technology. This report reviews the economic logic of these positions and reviews available empirical evidence.&nbsp;</p>	OECD	Keith MaskusJEL
80	Digital Business Transformation A Conceptual Framework	<p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>There is little doubt that digital tools and technologies are profoundly affecting the</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>way business is being conducted today. They have already disrupted many industries</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>and are threatening to disrupt others. In a recent study, we asked 941 executives</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>across 12 industries about the strength of their industry barriers to protect against</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>digital disruption. Twenty-nine percent of the respondents considered these barriers</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>to be low to non-existent. In 10 of the 12 industries, including retail, hospitality, retail,</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>telecom, financial services, and entertainment, they predicted that at least 3 of the</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>current market leaders would fall out of the top ten in the next 5 years. Indeed, more</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>than a third of respondents feared complete digital disruption of their industries in</span></p> <p class=0><span style=mso-fareast-font-family:맑은 고딕;font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-ascii-font-family:맑은 고딕;mso-font-width:100%;letter-spacing:0pt;mso-text-raise:0pt;background:#ffffff;>the same time period.</span></p>	GLOBAL CENTER FOR DIGITAL BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION.	MICHAEL WADE
81	DIGITAL DIVIDENDS	<p>Digital technologies have spread rapidly in much of the world. Digital dividends?the broader development benefits from&nbsp;using these technologies?have lagged behind. In many instances digital technologies have boosted growth, expanded opportunities,&nbsp;and improved service delivery. Yet their aggregate impact has fallen short and is unevenly distributed. For digital&nbsp;technologies to benefit everyone everywhere requires closing the remaining digital divide, especially in internet access. But&nbsp;greater digital adoption will not be enough. To get the most out of the digital revolution, countries also need to work on the&nbsp;“analog complements”?by&nbsp;strengthening regulations that ensure competition among businesses, by adapting workers’ skills&nbsp;to the demands of the new economy, and by ensuring that institutions are accountable.</p>	The World Bank	Deepak Mishra 외 다수
82	DIGITAL GLOBALIZATION: THE NEW ERA OF GLOBAL FLOWS	<p>Countries cannot afford to shut themselves off from global flows, but narrow export strategies miss the real value&nbsp;of globalization: the flow of ideas, talent, and inputs that spur innovation and productivity. Digital globalization&nbsp;makes policy choices even more complex. Value chains are shifting, new hubs are emerging, and economic&nbsp;activity is being transformed. This transition creates new openings for countries to carve out profitable roles in the&nbsp;global economy. Those opportunities will favor locations that build the infrastructure, institutions, and business&nbsp;environments that their companies and citizens need to participate fully.</p>	McKinsey Global Institute	James Manyika 외 다수
83	Digital Media and Society Implications in a Hyperconnected Era	<p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>Innovations in technology, particularly in digital media,</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>increasingly are changing the way people use Media,</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>Entertainment &amp; Information (MEI) services. More than</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>this, the very fabric of daily life is being altered. People</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>are interacting and connecting with each other in different</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>ways. Their sensibilities and psychologies are changing.</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>Blurring boundaries between private and professional lives,</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>and the hunger for immediate information are driving online</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>connection time. Trust in individuals’ relationship with digital</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>media has become an increasingly prominent issue. In some</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>ways, new generations are leading the evolution in changing</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>behaviour, but in others, older generations are “catching up”</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>surprisingly quickly.</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>The World Economic Forum’s Shaping the Future</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>Implications of Digital Media for Society project</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>was launched to provide insights on today’s media,</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>entertainment and information consumer, as well as on</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>the broader impact of digital media use on individuals,</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>organizations and the larger society.1 As part of that project,</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>the Digital Media and Society report aims to highlight</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>opportunities in digital media that can be encouraged</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>and nurtured. The report also signals potentially negative</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>consequences that need to be tackled ?individuals and</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>families can address some; others require the attention of</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>institutions, from schools to corporations, and states to</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>national governments.</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>Digital Media and Society is based on evidence collected</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>through desk research, project workshops, expert interviews</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>and an online survey. Although the scope is large, it is not</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>intended to be comprehensive. Rather, the report presents</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>a broad picture of developments in digital media and their</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>implications, in order to raise awareness, spark further</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>discussion and stimulate the MEI industry and policy-makers</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>to cooperate in two crucial ways: by cultivating the positive</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>implications of digital media use and by addressing, and</span></p> <p class=바탕글 style=font-family:바탕;><span>then re-dressing, its potentially negative impacts.</span></p>	World Economic Forum	WEF
84	Digital transformation Creating new business models where digital meets physical	<p>Individuals and businesses alike are embracing</p> <p>the digital revolution. Social networks and digital devices are being used to engage</p> <p>government, businesses and civil society, as well as friends and family. People are using</p> <p>mobile, interactive tools to determine who to trust, where to go and what to buy. At the</p> <p>same time, businesses are undertaking their own digital transformations, rethinking</p> <p>what customers value most and creating operating models that take advantage of what’s</p> <p>newly possible for competitive differentiation. The challenge for business is how fast</p> <p>and how far to go on the path to digital transformation.</p>	IBM	Saul J. Berman, Ragna Bell
85	Digital Transformation of Industries: In collaboration with Accenture Media Industry	<p>Almost 20 years ago, an influential essay, entitled “Content is King”, was published. At a time when most people didn’t&nbsp;have email accounts, it made some bold predictions, most notably: “Content is where I expect much of the real money&nbsp;will be made on the internet, just as it was in broadcasting.” For the best part of two decades, its author, Bill Gates, has been&nbsp;proved spectacularly right.</p>	World Economic Forum	World Economic Forum
86	DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: A ROADMAP FOR BILLION-DOLLAR ORGANIZATIONS	<p>Digital transformation (DT) ? the use of technology to radically improve performance or reach of enterprises ? is becoming a hot topic for companies across the globe. Executives in all industries are using digital advances such as analytics, mobility, social media and smart embedded devices ? and improving their use of traditional technologies such as ERP ? to change customer relationships, internal processes, and value propositions. Other executives, seeing how fast digital technology disrupted media industries in the past decade, know they need to pay attention to changes in their industries now.</p>	MIT Center for Digital Business and Capgemini Consulting	George Westerman, Claire Calm?jane, Didier Bonnet, Patrick Ferraris, Andrew McAfee
87	Digital Transitions and the Impact of New Technology On the Arts	<p>The electronic, networked and interactive nature of the digital world has a significant impact on the arts. Special significance must be placed on the impact of networks and interactivity, as they open up new possibilities for dissemination and public engagement with artwork.</p>	the Canadian Public Arts Funders(CPAF)	David Poole
88	Digital Vortex How Digital Disruption Is Redefining Industries	<p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>Digital business transformation is a journey to adopt and deploy digital</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>technologies and business models to improve performance quantifiably.</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>The first step of this journey is to grasp the need for change</span><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>?</span><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>an imperative</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>driven by the inevitability of digital disruption. Digital disruption now</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>has the potential to overturn incumbents and reshape markets faster</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>than perhaps any force in history. Simply put, digital disruption is the effect</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>of digital technologies and business models on a company’s current</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>value proposition, and its resulting market position.</span></p>	An IMD and Cisco Initiative	Joseph Bradley 외 다수
89	Digitalisation of the economy and its impact on labour markets	<p>A new debate is causing ferment not only in academia but also in politics and</p> <p>the world of labour in both the United States and Europe. This debate,</p> <p>symbolised by the irruption of Uber in the passenger transport sector, signals</p> <p>? according to some ? an end to waged labour, the total liberalisation of</p> <p>services, and the extension of worldwide competition far beyond any of the</p> <p>Bolkestein directive’s proponents’ wildest dreams. It will put an end to social</p> <p>models as we know them in Europe: no more labour law or working time</p> <p>regulation; no more hours’ schedules or offices; no dismissal procedures (but</p> <p>instead internet accounts disconnected by decision of some start-up</p> <p>somewhere); and no more collective labour action.</p>	european trade union institute	Christophe Degryse
90	Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy	<p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>The parade of new technologies and scientific breakthroughs is relentless and</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>is unfolding on many fronts. Almost any advance is billed as a breakthrough,</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>and the list of “next big things” grows ever longer. Yet some technologies do in</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>fact have the potential&nbsp;to disrupt the status quo, alter the way people live and</span></p> <p class=0 style=background:#ffffff;mso-pagination:none;text-autospace:none;mso-padding-alt:0pt 0pt 0pt 0pt;><span style=font-family: Arial; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;>work, rearrange value pools, and lead to entirely new products and services.</span></p>	McKinsey Global Institute	James Manyika 외 다수
91	Economic Trends: Key trends in the South African economy	<p>Having faced strong headwinds throughout the year, the world economy failed to attain a higher growth momentum in 2015. Adverse factors included sharply lower commodity prices, highly volatile equity and currency markets, deflationary risks in parts of the globe, the start of monetary policy normalisation in the United States, the slowing Chinese economy, macroeconomic uncertainty in many countries and geo-political crises.</p>	Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa	Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa
92	ECONOMY IN TRANSITION	<p>The future of work has recently become a topic of intensive study as changes in global economic dynamics have begun to impact national economies. These changes have not escaped the attention of political and business leaders, who have become increasingly aware that profound changes to the nature of how and why people are employed are just over the horizon. These changes are now being seen by the public, as companies like Uber, Airbnb, Xero, and Netflix disrupt industries across the economic spectrum. This trend is likely to continue as a new generation of digital startups extend their reach and impact.</p>	startupAUS	Colin Pohl
93	EFA Goal 5: Gender Equality	<p>The End of Decade Note on Education for All Goal 5 shows that while significant progress has been</p> <p>accomplished towards gender parity in primary education, large disparities remain, especially at the</p> <p>secondary level. As the data show, boys and girls are disadvantaged in their enrolment in secondary</p> <p>education in a number of countries in the region. Findings from the region further underline the</p> <p>need to pay closer attention to hidden disparities, such as the variation in female enrolment rates in</p> <p>urban and rural areas and the role that ethnicity and socio-economic status play in girls’ education.</p>	UNESCO and UNICEF	UNESCO and UNICEF
94	Effectiveness of Policies and Strategies to Increase the Capacity Utilisation of Intermittent Renewable Power Plants	<p><span style=color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);>Intermittent renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, will become increasingly important in the electricity supply mix if ambitious renewable energy targets are to be met. This paper presents evidence on the effectiveness of different strategies and measures to increase the capacity utilisation of wind and other intermittent renewable energy plants. As countries progress towards more ambitious renewables penetration objectives, it is essential that the installed capacity does not end up idle and the investment ‘wasted’. The analysis is based on data for 31 OECD countries over the period 1990- 2009. Wind speed, dispatchable power, transmission capacity and energy storage are found to have positive and significant impacts on capacity utilisation. For example, if domestic grids are poorly refurbished European countries will have to invest an additional USD 38 billion worth of investment in wind power generating capacity by 2020 in order to meet the EU renewables objectives. Cross-border electricity trade is also found to have a positive impact on wind power plant capacity utilisation, albeit only at the high end of historic levels of penetration. Up to USD 25 billion worth of investment in wind power capacity by 2020 could be avoided ? while still meeting the objectives ? if electricity trade within the European Union is enhanced.</span></p>	OECD	David Benatia, Nick Johnstone,Ivan Ha??i?
95	Emerging and Future Trends in K-12 Education	<p>With the advent of free, public educational programs like the Khan Academy, the landscape &nbsp;of K?12 education is shifting. In this report, Hanover Research discusses this and other &nbsp;trends that are likely to influence K?12 education within the next several years. Some of &nbsp;these trends are already being implemented in classrooms, but may become even more &nbsp;widely used in the future. The report is divided into two sections. &nbsp; &nbsp;? Section I: This section discusses upcoming trends in K?12 education, and provides &nbsp;details &nbsp;about &nbsp;the &nbsp;implementation &nbsp;of &nbsp;these &nbsp;trends &nbsp;and &nbsp;the &nbsp;unique &nbsp;challenges &nbsp;presented by them. &nbsp; ? Section II: This section profiles two school districts?Vail School District and Oak &nbsp;Hills &nbsp;Local &nbsp;School &nbsp;District?that &nbsp;have &nbsp;implemented &nbsp;several &nbsp;of &nbsp;these &nbsp;trends &nbsp;in &nbsp;innovative ways. &nbsp;</p>	Hanover Research	Hanover Research
96	Emerging Global Trends in Advanced Manufacturing	<p>Over the past few decades, manufacturing has evolved from a more labor-intensive</p> <p>set of mechanical processes (traditional manufacturing) to a sophisticated set of</p> <p>information-technology-based processes (advanced manufacturing). Given these changes</p> <p>in advanced manufacturing, the National Intelligence Manager for Science and</p> <p>Technology in the Office of the Director of National Intelligence asked the Institute for</p> <p>Defense Analyses to identify emerging global trends in advanced manufacturing and to</p> <p>propose scenarios for advanced manufacturing 10 and 20 years in the future.</p>	INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES	Stephanie S. Shipp 외 다수
97	Employment Impacts of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in OECD	<p><span style=color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial, verdana, sans-serif; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);>Using a computable general equilibrium, this paper quantifies the GDP and employment effects of an illustrative greenhouse gas emissions reduction policy. The paper first analyses the direct negative economic effects of the emissions restrictions on GDP and examines labour sectoral reallocations in a framework where labour markets are perfectly flexible. The model is then modified to incorporate labour market imperfections in OECD countries that could generate unemployment, namely, short-run rigidities in real wage adjustment. It is shown that imperfect wage adjustment increases the cost of mitigation policy since unemployment increases in the short-run, but that the carbon tax revenue generated can be recycled so as offset some or all of this effect, notably when it is used to reduce wage-taxes. Thus, taking realistic labour market imperfections into account in a CGE model affects the GDP costs of mitigation policy in two ways: first by introducing extra costs due to the increased unemployment that such policy may entail; second by creating the possibility of a double dividend effect when carbon taxes are recycled so as to reduce distorting taxes on labour income.</span></p>	OECD	Jean Chateau, Anne Saint-Martin, Thomas Manfredi
98	Enabling Growth and Innovation in the Digital Economy	<p>The rise of the digital economy has fundamentally transformed the economic and social life of the United States and the world. Digital technologies have quickly become a key driver of jobs, business creation, and innovation. Today, economic growth and competitiveness increasingly depend upon a nation’s ability to harness the transformative opportunities of the Internet, computers, and data.</p>	U.S. Department of Commerce	U.S. Department of Commerce
99	ENABLING THE NEXT PRODUCTION REVOLUTION: ISSUES PAPER	<p>Major science and technology-driven changes in production of goods and services are occurring now. Others ? possibly more significant still - are on the horizon. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) such as the ‘Internet of Things’, 3D printing, industrial biotechnology and nanotechnology have the potential to dramatically change the outlook of production in the next 10 to 15 years. This may support a new industrial revolution. The convergence between the different technologies is particularly likely to distinguish this revolution from ‘normal’ technological advances and is therefore expected to result in disruptive changes.</p>	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
100	Energy Outlook for Ghana 2013	<p>&nbsp;THE ENERGY COMMISSION has the mandate to prepare, review and update periodically indicative national plans to ensure that all reasonable demands for energy are met in a sustainable manner. In addition, the Energy Commission is mandated to secure and maintain a comprehensive data base for national decision making for the efficient development and utilisation of energy resources available to the nation. Energy Commission’s jurisdiction include promoting and ensuring uniform rules of practice for the production, transmission, wholesale supply, distribution and sale of electricity and natural gas.</p>	Energy commission	Energy commission