GM의 크루즈 출발점은 미래의 자율 주행 차량입니다

미국이 자율주행차로 나아가고 있는 동안, 우리는 택시기사를 위해 과거로 돌아가고 있다.

물론 택시기사들도 우리 국민이고, 우리 백성이다. 

그러나 미래가 없으면 그들도 존재할 수 없다. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X3E7p4S_1m4

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GM의 크루즈 출발점은 미래의 자율 주행 차량입니다

GM 자율 주행 차 자회사 인 크루즈 자동화 (Cruise Automation)는 이번 주에도 크루즈 오리진 (Cruise Origin)에서 가장 견고하고 최신의 자율 주행 차를 선보였다. 기원은 전기적이며 자율적입니다. 오리진은 차량이 아닌 것에 따라 동일하게 정의됩니다 : 하루가 다가오는 개인자가 운전사. 대신, 회사의 본사이자 발표 장소 인 샌프란시스코와 같은 도시 지역과 주변 지역을 타기위한 6 인 택시를 의미합니다. 또한 스티어링 휠이 없을 것입니다. 즉, 크루즈 출발점은 5 단계 (또는 정의 된 영역 내의 4 단계) 자율 주행으로 직진합니다.

이 행사는 엘론 머스크 테슬라 부흥 천막 공개 나 도널드 트럼프 집회도 아니었다. 대신, 그것은 상대적으로 낮은 키 였고 큰 약속은 없었습니다. 크루즈 경영진은 프로덕션 차량이 아닌 프로토 타입이 "가까운 미래"에있을 것이라고 말했으며 "우리의 작업은 완료되지 않았다"고 경고했다.

도시 환경에서 크루즈 출발지 개념.

이번 주에 선보인 크루즈 오리진은 박스형, 밴형 차량이며 앞과 뒤 사이에 분명한 차이가 있습니다. 일부 복고풍 기능 (인간 운전자)이있는 다른 차량이 정지 된 방향으로 신호를 보내는 것을 돕기 위해 출발 할 때 평평한 바닥이 있습니다. 스티어링 휠이나 페달이 없습니다. 차량의 네 구석에는 많은 라이더와 센서 포드가 있습니다.


레벨 5 자동화는 운전자가 필요하지 않고 스티어링 휠, 스로틀 또는 브레이크 페달이 없어도 어디든 갈 수있는 차량을 의미합니다. 레벨 4는 완전 자동화이지만 일부 도로에서만 가능하며 처음에는 고속도로와 같은 제한된 진입로를 의미합니다. Cruise Automation은 자율 주행 도로가 도시 지역의 모든 주요 거리 인 완전 자동화 된 차량을 찾고 있습니다. 생산 차량은 현재 레벨 2에 있습니다. 즉, 자동차는 주간 고속도로에서 운전할 수 있지만 오프 램프, 차선 변경 (일부 캔, 일부는 할 수 없음) 또는 도로에서 정체 된 자동차를 처리 할 수 ​​없으므로 휠 뒤에 운전자가주의를 기울여야합니다.

크루즈 자동화는 누구입니까?
세계 최대 자동차 회사였던 General Motors는 안전, 배기 가스 저감 차량, 자율성 및 홍보와 같은 21 세기의 주요 이슈에 대해 반등하고 좋은 일을하고 있습니다. 리더십의 위치에 여성. 새로운 GM은 다른 자동차 제조사들과 마찬가지로 아시아를 거대한 시장으로 생각합니다.

오래된 GM은 종종 다른 사람을 사용하지 않고 자체 기술을 개발했습니다. 1990 년부터 전기 자동차를 개념화하고 1996 년부터 전기 자동차를 건설 해 왔습니다 (납산 및 니켈-수소 배터리를 사용한 EV-1).

시보레 볼트 EV를 기반으로 한 크루즈 자동화 초기 자율 주행 자동차.

Cruise Automation은 Y-Combinator 스타트 업 가속기 중 Bay Area 회사입니다. 크루즈는 고속도로 주행을위한 반 자율 기능으로 기존 차량을 개조하고 도시 환경에서 전기 자동차를 자율적으로 전환하기로했습니다. 크루즈는 2015 년경 GM의 주목을 받았다. 이것은 2018-2020 년 기간 동안 자랑스러운 자동차 제조업체가 자율 주행 자동차에 대해 이야기하던시기입니다. GM은 직원 수가 약 50 명일 때 크루즈 자동화를 5 억 5 천만 달러에서 10 억 달러로 인수했습니다. 2018 년 크루즈 GM 회장으로 GM의 사장 댄 암만 (Mary Barra CEO)이 설치되었다. 현재 크루즈는 샌프란시스코에 약 1,000 명의 직원과 시애틀에 100 ~ 200 명의 직원이 있다고 밝혔다. 또한 GM은 Softbank와 Honda의 투자 자금과 약 150 억 달러의 가치를 가지고 있다고 말합니다.

이번 주 발표와 그 후 미디어 토론에서 GM은 회사 내에서 자율 프로젝트와 EV 프로젝트를 함께 진행할 계획이 더 명확 해졌다. 크루즈 자율 주행 차도 전기차가 될 것입니다. 그러나 모든 EV가이 10 년 동안 자율적이지는 않을 것입니다.

GM, 2023 년까지 20 대 EV 계획
GM은 2023 년까지 20 개의 새로운 전기 자동차를 가질 것이라고 말했다. 여기에는 올해 새로운 시보레 EV와 2021 년까지 전기 픽업 트럭이 포함된다.

한편 GM은 한국의 LG Chem과 제휴하여 오하이오 주로드 스 타운에서 연간 30 기가 와트시의 용량으로 자체 기가 팩토리를 만들었습니다. 기가 와트는 10 억 와트 (10 ~ 9 번째 전력)이며 큰 EV 배터리는 주류 미국 주택에서 100kWh, 10 만 와트시 또는 3 일간 사용됩니다. Lordstown에서 매년 30 만 개의 100kWh 배터리 팩을 만들 수있는 용량을 마련하십시오. 기본적으로 기가 와트시 공장은 10,000 대의 자동차를 공급합니다.

이것이 미래의 계획입니다. 한편, EV는 여전히 테슬라를 제외한 미국의 느린 판매자입니다. GM은 제공 할 수있는 연방 세액 공제를 소진 할 예정이다. 자동차 제조업체가 20 만대 판매 한도에 도달 한 후 1 년 동안 사용할 수있는 최종 $ 1,875의 크레딧은 4 월에 끝납니다. GM의 경우 EV 판매가 매우 부드럽기 때문에 샘 삼촌이 아니라 구매자에게 GM $ 10,000의 크레딧을받을 수 있습니다.

GM과 크루즈 오토메이션은 자율성을 추구하지만 GM에는 EV에 대한 감정이 혼재되어 있습니다. 또는 지난 가을, Mark Reuss GM 회장이 CNN 웹 사이트에서“이 문제를 해결하기 전까지는 전기 자동차가 주류를 가지지 않을 것입니다.” 문제는 범위, 충전 인프라 및 비용입니다.

이제 읽어보십시오 :

자가 운전 차량의 경우 CES 2020에서 Lidar Amps Up
테슬라 : 의도하지 않은 가속에 대한 주장은 '완전히 허위'입니다
테슬라를 기다릴 필요가 없습니다 : 시보레 볼트는 우수합니다 (이미 배송 됨).

GM’s Cruise Origin Is an Autonomous Vehicle From the Future

Cruise Automation, the GM self-driving-car subsidiary, showed off its latest and most solid self-driving car yet this week, the Cruise Origin. The Origin is both electric and autonomous. The Origin is equally defined by what the vehicle is not: your personal self-driver you put away at day’s end. Instead, it’s meant to be a six-person taxi for ride shares in and around urban areas such as San Francisco, the company’s HQ and site of the unveiling Tuesday. It is also not going to have a steering wheel, meaning the Cruise Origin goes straight to Level 5 (or Level 4 within defined areas) autonomous driving.

The event was not, as well, an Elon Musk Tesla revival-tent unveiling or a Donald Trump rally. Instead, it was relatively low key and there were no big promises. Cruise executives only said prototypes, not production cars, are due “in the near future” and cautioned that “our work is far from done.”

Cruise Origin concept in a city setting.

The Cruise Origin shown this week is a boxy, van-like vehicle and there is a clear difference between front and back, in part to help other cars with retro features (that is, human drivers) cue themselves into the direction a stopped Origin would take upon moving off. There is a flat floor. There is no steering wheel or pedals. There are lots of lidar and sensor pods at the four corners of the vehicle.

 

Level 5 automation means a vehicle that can go everywhere without need for a driver, and thus without need for a steering wheel, throttle, or brake pedal. Level 4 is full automation but only on some roads, initially meaning limited access highways such as interstates. Cruise Automation is looking at fully automated vehicles where the set of self-drivable roads is every major street in an urban area. Production cars are at Level 2 currently, meaning the car can drive itself on an interstate but can’t deal with off-ramps, lane changes (some can, some can’t), or stalled cars in the roadway, so there has to be a driver behind the wheel more-or-less paying attention.

Who Is Cruise Automation?

Here’s a quick GM/ Cruise backgrounder to help you come up to speed: General Motors, once the world’s largest automobile company, is rebounding and doing good work on key issues of the 21st century: safety, reduced-emissions vehicles, autonomy, and promoting women to positions of leadership. The new GM finds Asia a huge market, as do other automakers.

The old GM often created its own technology rather than use someone else’s. It has been conceptualizing electric vehicles since 1990 and building them since 1996 (the EV-1 with lead-acid and then nickel-metal hydride batteries).

Cruise Automation early autonomous car based on the Chevrolet Bolt EV.

Cruise Automation is a Bay Area company out of the Y-Combinator startup accelerator; Cruise hoped to retrofit existing cars with semi-autonomous features for highway driving, then shifted to making EVs autonomous in urban settings. Cruise came to the attention of GM circa 2015, this at a time when boastful automakers were talking about self-driving cars in the 2018-2020 timeframe. GM bought Cruise Automation for a reported $500 million to $1 billion when it had about 50 employees. Dan Amman, president of GM (the CEO is Mary Barra), was installed as Cruise Automation president in 2018. Now Cruise says it has about 1,000 employees in San Francisco and 100-200 employees in Seattle. It also has investment money from Softbank and Honda and a value, GM says, of about $15 billion.

At the unveiling this week and in media discussions afterward, it became clearer that GM plans to have the autonomous and EV projects within the company work together. Cruise self-driving vehicles will be electric vehicles as well. But all EVs are not going to be autonomous this decade.

GM Plans 20 EVs by 2023

GM has said it will have 20 new electric vehicles by 2023. That includes a new Chevrolet EV this year and an electric pickup truck by 2021.

Meanwhile, GM has a tie-in with Korea’s LG Chem to create its own Gigafactory, so to speak, in Lordstown, Ohio, with an annual capacity of 30-gigawatt-hours. A gigawatt is a billion watts (10 to the ninth power) and a big EV battery would be 100 kWh, or 100,000-watt-hours, or three days of usage in a mainstream US house. Divide one by the other and you come up with the capacity at Lordstown to build 300,000 100-kWh battery packs a year. Basically, a gigawatt-hour factory supplies 10,000 cars.

That’s the future plan. Meanwhile, EVs are still slow sellers in the US, other than Tesla. GM is about to run out of federal tax credits it can offer; the final $1,875 credit, available a year after the automaker hits the 200,000 sales cap, ends in April. For GM, EV sales are so soft it’s possible to get a $10,000 credit (GM to buyer, not Uncle Sam to buyer) of about $10,000.

So while GM and Cruise Automation are gung-ho on autonomy, within GM there are mixed emotions about EVs. Or there was last fall, when GM president Mark Reuss did an op-ed piece on CNN’s website,  “Electric Cars Won’t Go Mainstream Until We Fix These Problems.” The problems are range, charging infrastructure, and cost.

Now read:

• For Self-Driving Cars, Lidar Amps Up at CES 2020
• Tesla: Claims of Unintended Acceleration Are ‘Completely False’
• No need to wait for Tesla: the Chevrolet Bolt is excellent (and already shipping)